Now showing items 21-40 of 42

An Ar2p Deep Learning Architecture for the Discovery and the Selection of Features

Aguilar, Jose; Puerto, E.; Vargas, R.; Reyes, J. (Neural Processing LettersPaíses Bajos, 2019-07-13)

In the context of pattern recognition processes with machine learning algorithms, either through supervised, semi-supervised or unsupervised methods, one of the most important elements to consider are the features that are ...
Sinplafut: A microservices – based application for soccer training

vera rivera, jose luis; Vera-Rivera, F. H.; Gaona Cuevas, Carlos Mauricio (Journal of Physics: Conference SeriesReino Unido, 2019-11-19)

Microservices are an architectural style of service-oriented applications that allow the application to be divided into independent and autonomous units, which can be individually developed, tested, deployed (mainly in the ...
Development of a technological platform for teaching and training in competitive programming contests

Vera Contreras, Milton Jesús; Vera-Rivera, F. H.; Delgado Leon, Angie Melissa; Lázaro Carrillo, Gerson Yesid (Journal of Physics: Conference SeriesReino Unido, 2019-11-29)

The competitive programming contests are competitions where the programming capacity and algorithm of the participants are measured. The objective of this work was to develop and implement a framework to formalize the ...
Comparación de técnicas de minería de datos para identificar indicios de deserción estudiantil, a partir del desempeño académico

PEREZ GUTIERREZ, BORIS RAINIERO (Revista UIS IngenieríasColombia, 2020-01-04)

Uno de los grandes retos en las instituciones educativas consiste en poder establecer la posibilidad de retiro o deserción de sus estudiantes. En este artículo se presentan los resultados de un estudio de comparación de ...
Enseñanza de arquitectura de software en modalidad blended learning: Análisis de la percepción de estudiantes de maestría

Pérez, Boris; Castellanos, Camilo; Correal, Darío (RISTI - Revista Ibérica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de InformaçãoPortugal, 2020-03)

La arquitectura de software, como componente clave de la educación en ingeniería de software, requiere que el estudiante desarrolle un conjunto de habilidades técnicas y sociales. En el curso de maestría Arquitecturas ...
Implementación de un repositorio para el catálogo, búsqueda y uso de componentes software reutilizables en el desarrollo de aplicaciones web

Vera-Rivera, F. H.; Sandoval-Ramírez, Jhon Jairo; Vargas-Fandiño, Jhon Carlos (Revista UIS IngenieríasColombia, 2020-03-05)

El desarrollo de software se caracteriza por ser un proceso complejo, requiere de inversión de tiempo, conocimiento de herramientas tecnológicas para su elaboración, su depuración y su despliegue. Sin embargo, con el paso ...
Recognition of the driving style in vehicle drivers

Cordero, Jorge; Aguilar, Kristell; Chávez, Danilo; Puerto, Eduard; Aguilar, Jose (SensorsSuiza, 2020-05-02)

This paper presents three different approaches to recognize driving style based on a hierarchical-model. Specifically, it proposes a hierarchical model for the recognition of the driving style for advanced driver-assistance ...
How do software architects perceive technical debt in Colombian industry? An analysis of technical debt causes

Perez Gutierrez, Boris Rainiero; Correal Torres, Dario Ernesto; Vera-Rivera, F. H. (Journal of Physics: Conference SeriesReino Unido, 2020-05-29)

Technical debt is a metaphor used to describe technical decisions that can give the company a benefit in the short term but possibly hurting the overall quality of the software in the long term. Architectural decisions are ...
Generación automática de la planificación de la entrega en desarrollo de software agil, asignación de historias de usuario a los desarrolladores usando algoritmos genéticos

Vera-Rivera, F. H.; Barbosa Mora, Jose Luis; Gaona, Carlos (AiBi Revista de Investigación, Administración e IngenieríaColombia, 2020-05-01)

En el desarrollo de aplicaciones softwareusando metodologías ágiles, la asignación de las tareas de desarrollo es una actividad fundamental, de ella depende el éxito del desarrollo del proyecto, asignar las tareas de ...
Developing a theory based on the causes of technical debt injection into software projects in Colombia

PEREZ GUTIERREZ, BORIS RAINIERO; Castellanos Rodriguez, Cristian Camilo; Correal Torres, Dario Ernesto (Journal of Physics: Conference SeriesReino Unido, 2020-08-05)

Engineering, like sciences such as physics, seeks to ensure that the conclusions reached can be verified through experiments, and that subsequent theories allow predictions to be made in future observations. This procedure ...
Measuring the quality of the blended learning approach to teaching computational sciences

PEREZ GUTIERREZ, BORIS RAINIERO; Castellanos Rodriguez, Cristian Camilo; Correal Torres, Dario Ernesto (Journal of Physics: Conference SeriesReino Unido, 2020-08-05)

Teaching models are a very interesting area of study that can be applied to any science. Finding the best way to transfer knowledge to students, so that they internalize it and can successfully transfer it to the field, ...
A computational model of a natural language processing system for architectural technical debt management

Correal, D; PEREZ GUTIERREZ, BORIS RAINIERO; Castellanos, C (Journal of Physics: Conference SeriesReino Unido, 2020-08-05)

Technical debt is a concept applied to decisions taken to favor rapid production, at the expense of future capacities to evolve or improve the product or service. This concept is transversal to all sciences, especially in ...
Analysis of the emotions in a multi-robot system in emergent contexts

Gil, Angel; Puerto Cuadros, Eduard Gilberto; Aguilar, Jose; Dapena, Eladio (Cybernetics and SystemsReino Unido, 2021-01-12)

In this paper, we propose an emotional model for robots in a multi-robot system, in order to allow emerging behaviors. The emotional model uses four universal emotions: anger, disgust, sadness, and joy, assigned to each ...
Curricula framework for a digital transformation master's in science and engineering

Vera-Contreras, M J; Vera-Rivera, F. H.; Puerto Cuadros, Eduard Gilberto; Vera Contreras, Milton Jesús (Journal of Physics: Conference SeriesReino Unido, 2021-06-09)

Digital transformation is an interdisciplinary work that has the objective to analyze data in real-time for better decision making, where it involves the modeling and the simulation of physical-mathematical and social ...
Technical debt payment and prevention through the lenses of software architects

Pérez, Boris; Castellanos, Camilo; Correal, Darío; Rios, Nicolli; Freire, Sávio; Spínola, Rodrigo; Seaman, Carolyn; Izurieta, Clemente (Information and Software TechnologyPaíses Bajos, 2021-12)

Context: Architectural decisions are considered one of the most common sources of technical debt (TD). Thus, it is necessary to understand how TD is perceived by software architects, particularly, the practices supporting ...
Microservices backlog A genetic programming technique for identification and evaluation of microservices from user stories

Vera-Rivera, F. H.; Puerto Cuadros, Eduard Gilberto; Astudillo, Hernan; Gaona, Carlos (IEEE AccessEstados Unidos, 2021-08-20)

The microservice granularity directly affects the quality attributes and usage of computational resources of the system, determining optimal microservice granularity is an open research topic. Microservices granularity is ...
ForistomApp a Web application for scientific and technological information management of Forsitom foundation

Hector Jaime, Dulce-Moreno; Saavedra-Duarte, L A; Angarita-Jerardino, A; Ruiz, P A; Vera-Rivera, F. H.; V-Niño, E D (Journal of Physics: Conference SeriesBogota , Colombia, 2017-12-29)

Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are essential in the transfer of knowledge, and the Web tools, as part of ICT, are important for institutions seeking greater visibility of the products developed by their ...
On the relationship between technical debt management and process models

Rios, Nicolli; Freire, Savio; Perez, Boris; Castellanos, Camilo; Correal, Dario; Mendonca, Manoel; Falessi, Davide; Izurieta, Clemente; Seaman, Carolyn B.; Oliveira Spinola, Rodrigo (IEEE SoftwareEstados Unidos, 2021-02-10)

—As technical debt (TD) potentially occurs as a result of poor decisions that affect software development tasks, one might expect that practitioners following different process models, such as agile, hybrid or traditional, ...
Defining and measuring microservice granularity, a literature overview

Vera-Rivera, Fredy H.; Gaona, Carlos; Astudillo, Hernán (PeerJ Computer ScienceEstados Unidos, 2018-09-08)

Background Microservices are an architectural approach of growing use, and the optimal granularity of a microservice directly affects the application’s quality attributes and usage of computational resources. Determining ...
Design and implementation of a web application to estimate the surface density of implanted ions in solid substrates

Vera-Rivera, F. H.; PEREZ GUTIERREZ, BORIS RAINIERO; V. Niño, Ely Dannier (Journal of Physics: Conference SeriesInglaterra, 2017-01-25)

In the present research a web application is designed and implemented allowing us to calculate the dose of implanted ions on solid substrates from experimental parameters (repetition rate and pulse duration of current, ...

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An Ar2p Deep Learning Architecture for the Discovery and the Selection of Features
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Aguilar, Jose | 2019-07-13

In the context of pattern recognition processes with machine learning algorithms, either through supervised, semi-supervised or unsupervised methods, one of the most important elements to consider are the features that are used to represent the phenomenon to be studied. In this sense, this paper proposes a deep learning architecture for Ar2p, which is based on supervised and unsupervised mechanisms for the discovery and the selection of features for classification problems (called Ar2p-DL). Ar2p is an algorithm of pattern recognition based on the systematic functioning of the human brain. Ar2p-DL is composed of three phases: the first phase, called feature analysis, is supported by two feature-engineering approaches to discover or select atomic features/descriptors. The feature engineering approach used for the discovery, is based on a classical clustering technique, K-means; and the approach used for the selection, is based on a classification technique, Random Forest. The second phase, called aggregation, creates a feature hierarchy (merge of descriptors) from the atomic features/descriptors (it uses as aggregation strategy the DBSCAN algorithm). Finally, the classification phase carries out the classification of the inputs based on the feature hierarchy, using the classical Ar2p algorithm. The last phase of Ar2p-DL uses a supervised learning approach, while the first phases combine supervised and unsupervised learning approaches. To analyze the performance of Ar2p-DL, several tests have been made using different benchmarks (datasets) from the UCI Machine Learning Repository, in order to compare Ar2p-DL with other classification methods.

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Sinplafut: A microservices – based application for soccer training
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vera rivera, jose luis | 2019-11-19

Microservices are an architectural style of service-oriented applications that allow the application to be divided into independent and autonomous units, which can be individually developed, tested, deployed (mainly in the cloud), scaled and monitored. The application then becomes a composition and integration of small distributed systems. In this paper, a case study is presented, where the Information system for the planning of soccer training, is developed, following the architectural style of microservices. It presents the architecture defined for the information system and its implementation using DevOps practices, among them, continuous delivery, continuous deployment and automated tests. The level of granularity of each microservice is evaluated using domain-driven design and the definition of delimited contexts. Defining the optimal size of microservices is fundamental, directly affecting performance, maintainability, storage, transactions, distributed queries, use and consumption of network and computational resources. On the other hand, the development of the information system allows improving the planning of soccer training using modern sports training techniques. System for the planning of soccer training can be used by soccer teams, clubs, physical trainers, coaches and technical directors both amateur and professional, as a software as a service application.

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Development of a technological platform for teaching and training in competitive programming contests
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Vera Contreras, Milton Jesús | 2019-11-29

The competitive programming contests are competitions where the programming capacity and algorithm of the participants are measured. The objective of this work was to develop and implement a framework to formalize the working methodology of the competitive programming study group of the Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander and to develop a web-based training platform to monitor the work carried out within the study group. The intention with this platform is to give the students the tools they need to carry out their training, from the platform the student can study, can practice, can compete, and can improve their skills both in competitive programming, as well as in areas of programming and computer science. This work was carried out following an iterative methodology composed of the following phases: initially, the project has been formalized, analysis of the problem, preliminary details, and formation of the state of the art and theoretical reference. Then, the initial state of the group is diagnosed, a solution is proposed. After refining this solution proposal. Once implemented, information and metrics are gathered and the results are analyzed, already with a functional framework and a web platform, to detect problems and improvements, restarting the phases, for improving in each step those aspects that can be enhanced. The results obtained in the national and international contest have improved considerably and the participation and satisfaction of the students who are part of the study group were increased. The technological platform developed constitutes a confluence point for the study group, and a clear guideline to follow to advance in the process of continuous improvement that allows the university to achieve the best results in national and international programming competitions.

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Comparación de técnicas de minería de datos para identificar indicios de deserción estudiantil, a partir del desempeño académico
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PEREZ GUTIERREZ, BORIS RAINIERO | 2020-01-04

Uno de los grandes retos en las instituciones educativas consiste en poder establecer la posibilidad de retiro o deserción de sus estudiantes. En este artículo se presentan los resultados de un estudio de comparación de técnicas para apoyar la identificación de deserción estudiantil a partir del registro académico de los estudiantes de una Universidad en Colombia para el programa de Ingeniería de Sistemas. El registro académico se estableció para un periodo de 7 años. Árboles de decisión, regresión logística y Naive Bayes, fueron comparados para lograr establecer la mejor técnica de detección de desertores. Adicionalmente, la herramienta Watson Analytics de IBM fue utilizada para comparar su usabilidad y precisión para un usuario no experto. Nuestra experimentación demostró que el uso de algoritmos simples es suficiente para alcanzar niveles ideales de precisión. Estos resultados son presentados a la comunidad académica para ayudar en la disminución de la deserción estudiantil.

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Enseñanza de arquitectura de software en modalidad blended learning: Análisis de la percepción de estudiantes de maestría
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Pérez, Boris | 2020-03

La arquitectura de software, como componente clave de la educación en ingeniería de software, requiere que el estudiante desarrolle un conjunto de habilidades técnicas y sociales. En el curso de maestría Arquitecturas de Software Ágiles se decidió utilizar la modalidad Blended Learning. Es relevante, por tanto, conocer la percepción de los estudiantes de esta modalidad, de quienes están tomando el curso y de quienes lo vieron hace varios meses o años. Este artículo analiza la percepción de los estudiantes sobre el curso Arquitecturas de Software Ágiles enseñado en la Univ. de los Andes. La percepción de los estudiantes se midió mediante una encuesta anónima a los estudiantes que estuvieron matriculados en el curso para los períodos 2015-2018. Los resultados mostraron que 39,7% de los encuestados consideraron que aprendieron mejor en comparación con cursos presenciales. Adicionalmente, el aspecto más valorado por los encuestados fue el uso de los problemas de la industria.

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Implementación de un repositorio para el catálogo, búsqueda y uso de componentes software reutilizables en el desarrollo de aplicaciones web
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Vera-Rivera, F. H. | 2020-03-05

El desarrollo de software se caracteriza por ser un proceso complejo, requiere de inversión de tiempo, conocimiento de herramientas tecnológicas para su elaboración, su depuración y su despliegue. Sin embargo, con el paso de los años, se han desarrollado avances tecnológicos y metodológicos, que reducen considerablemente esta complejidad, convirtiendo dicha actividad en un proceso más intuitivo, controlable y rápido. La reutilización aparece como una alternativa para desarrollar aplicaciones y sistemas de una manera más eficiente y rápida. La idea es reutilizar elementos y componentes en lugar de tener que desarrollarlos desde un principio. A estas unidades se les conoce como componentes software reutilizables. La biblioteca o repositorio de componentes reutilizables es el corazón del desarrollo de software basado en componentes, permite catalogar, organizar, descubrir y reutilizar estos componentes. En este trabajo se desarrolló e implementó un repositorio de componentes de software reutilizables que apoye los procesos de desarrollo de aplicaciones web y la formación de estudiantes en el programa de Ingeniería de Sistemas de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander (Cúcuta, Colombia) llamada Colossal, permitiendo a los estudiantes y profesores buscar, compartir y reutilizar los componentes disponibles en el repositorio y usarlos en sus proyectos. Para evaluar el repositorio de componentes y verificar que cumple con su propósito se realizó un estudio cuantitativo descriptivo donde se evalúa el nivel de aceptación de la herramienta tecnológica, como resultado se obtuvo que la mayoría (94%) de los estudiantes y profesores respondió de manera positiva y se evidenció una buena aceptación del funcionamiento y uso del mismo.

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Recognition of the driving style in vehicle drivers
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Cordero, Jorge | 2020-05-02

This paper presents three different approaches to recognize driving style based on a hierarchical-model. Specifically, it proposes a hierarchical model for the recognition of the driving style for advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) for vehicles. This hierarchical model for the recognition of the style of the car driving considers three aspects: the driver emotions, the driver state, and finally, the driving style itself. In this way, the proposed hierarchical pattern is composed of three levels of descriptors/features, one to recognize the emotional states, another to recognize the driver state, and the last one to recognize the driving style. Each level has a set of descriptors, which can be sensed in a real context. Finally, the paper presents three driving style recognition algorithms based on different paradigms. One is based on fuzzy logic, another is based on chronicles (a temporal logic paradigm), and the last is based on an algorithm that uses the idea of the recognition process of the neocortex, called Ar2p (Algoritmo Recursivo de Reconocimiento de Patrones, for its acronym in Spanish). In the paper, these approaches are compared using real datasets, using different metrics of interest in the context of the Internet of the Things, in order to determine their capabilities of reasoning, adaptation, and the communication of information. In general, the initial results are encouraging, specifically in the cases of chronicles and Ar2p, which give the best results.

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How do software architects perceive technical debt in Colombian industry? An analysis of technical debt causes
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Perez Gutierrez, Boris Rainiero | 2020-05-29

Technical debt is a metaphor used to describe technical decisions that can give the company a benefit in the short term but possibly hurting the overall quality of the software in the long term. Architectural decisions are considered one of the most common sources of technical debt, therefore, it becomes relevant to understand what causes lead to technical debt from the point of view of software architects. To accomplish this task, we used a survey research method to collect and analyze a corpus of 28 software architects from Colombia, as a part of the InsighTD project. Results showed that inappropriate planning is the most cited technical debt cause by software architects. However, results differ when comparison against engineers and manager are performed. Innacurate time estimate and producing more without quality were the most selected causes of technical debt according to engineers and managers. To improve this comparison, the rank-biased overlapping technique was used. As more elements were compared, more similar were these lists of causes among all three roles.

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Generación automática de la planificación de la entrega en desarrollo de software agil, asignación de historias de usuario a los desarrolladores usando algoritmos genéticos
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Vera-Rivera, F. H. | 2020-05-01

En el desarrollo de aplicaciones softwareusando metodologías ágiles, la asignación de las tareas de desarrollo es una actividad fundamental, de ella depende el éxito del desarrollo del proyecto, asignar las tareas de desarrollo a la persona correcta, enel tiempo adecuado y de forma óptima, puede traer una reducción en eltiempo de desarrollo y en los costos del proyecto. El problema de la planificacióny asignación de tareas a recursos o personas, conocido como “scheduling” ha sido abordado desde diferentes enfoques y disciplinas, por ejemplo: la investigación de operaciones, la programación numérica y la programación lineal. En este trabajo se aborda este problema aplicado al desarrollo de software ágil, donde se busca asignar de forma automática y óptima las historias de usuario que deben implementar en una iteración (sprint)el equipo de desarrollo, teniendo en cuenta las características propias del equipo, por ejemplo, su experiencia (desarrollador junior, senior o novato). Se propone un algoritmo genético que genera la asignación de tareas para la iteración(sprint)de desarrollo. Se realizó la validación del algoritmo propuesto en un caso de estudioreal, se pudo observar que el resultado obtenido mejoraconsiderablemente al obtenido por el líder del proyecto. En el caso de estudio real se redujo el tiempo estimado dedesarrollo de 99 horas a 87 horas(12%), siendo una diferencia importante que representa ahorros en los costos del proyecto. Como trabajo futuro se pretende usar casos reales más complejos, con más desarrolladores e historias para validar el método propuesto.

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Developing a theory based on the causes of technical debt injection into software projects in Colombia
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PEREZ GUTIERREZ, BORIS RAINIERO | 2020-08-05

Engineering, like sciences such as physics, seeks to ensure that the conclusions reached can be verified through experiments, and that subsequent theories allow predictions to be made in future observations. This procedure is applied in this article, whose objective is the identification of the causes that favor the injection or presence of technical debt, and its application in software projects in Colombia, to build a theory that allows explaining this behavior. In turn, these causes could be also extrapolated to physical research projects. Results showed that "focus on producing more at the expense of quality" is the most cited cause in general. Conversely, "planning and management" is the most cited category of causes of technical debt. The concept of technical debt is well understood by software practitioners and that most efforts need to be invested by researchers on offering strategies and tools to support technical debt management.

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Measuring the quality of the blended learning approach to teaching computational sciences
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PEREZ GUTIERREZ, BORIS RAINIERO | 2020-08-05

Teaching models are a very interesting area of study that can be applied to any science. Finding the best way to transfer knowledge to students, so that they internalize it and can successfully transfer it to the field, is key to the country building. This article measures the quality of a teaching model that can be applied in physics or engineering, which requires a correct theoretical foundation before addressing practical elements. Blended learning is an approach to education that combines online educational materials and opportunities for interaction online with traditional place-based classroom methods. This model was applied in agile software architectures course and measured through an anonymous survey of students in software architecture, who were enrolled for the periods 2015-2018. The results showed that 39.7% of the respondents considered that they learned better compared to face-to-face courses.

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A computational model of a natural language processing system for architectural technical debt management
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Correal, D | 2020-08-05

Technical debt is a concept applied to decisions taken to favor rapid production, at the expense of future capacities to evolve or improve the product or service. This concept is transversal to all sciences, especially in experimental physics and systems. However, technical debt is difficult to manage because there is a lack of time, expertise, or knowledge on how to perform it. This paper proposes a computational model of technical debt management in software architecture, based on observations made in software teams in their daily work. This computational model exploits natural language processing and model-testing techniques on software project artifacts to build a model that allows localizing and visualizing the impact produced by the technical debt and its payment strategies. This proposal aims to support teams of architects to explain the current and future impact of the debt injected as a result of decisions made.

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Analysis of the emotions in a multi-robot system in emergent contexts
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Gil, Angel | 2021-01-12

In this paper, we propose an emotional model for robots in a multi-robot system, in order to allow emerging behaviors. The emotional model uses four universal emotions: anger, disgust, sadness, and joy, assigned to each robot based on the level of satisfaction of its basic needs. These four universal emotions lie on a spectrum where depending where the emotion of the robot lies, can affect its behavior and of its neighboring robots. The more negative the emotion is, the more individualistic it becomes in its decisions (anger, sadness or disgust). The more positive the robot is in its emotion, the more it will consider the group and global goals (joy). Each robot is able to recognize another robot′s emotion in the system based on their current state, using the AR2P (AR2P for its acronym in Spanish: Algoritmo Recursivo de Reconocimiento de Patrones) recognition algorithm. In this way, it can use this information of the emotions to decide with whom collaborate. Specifically, the paper addresses emotions’ influence on the behavior of the system, at the individual and collective levels, and the emotions’ effects on the emergent behaviors of the multi-robot system. The paper explores the emerging behavior in two multi-robot scenarios; nectar harvesting and object transportation. The results show that the emotions are important to the emergent behavior in a multi-robot system.

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Curricula framework for a digital transformation master's in science and engineering
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Vera-Contreras, M J | 2021-06-09

Digital transformation is an interdisciplinary work that has the objective to analyze data in real-time for better decision making, where it involves the modeling and the simulation of physical-mathematical and social processes and the monitoring of machinery that using information and communication technologies. Nowadays the fourth industrial revolution technologies are the driver for this transformation and soon will be quantum computing and other physics and mathematics advances. Therefore, in this academic-scientific work, a curricular framework is proposed for a master's program in digital transformation for science and engineering; the framework follows the literature review and analysis to formulate the denomination and justification for the master's degree. The results are (i) a general three-level model as a roadmap for the specific curricular design of a master's in digital transformation for science and engineering; (ii) the recommendation that a master's program has a research focus in the two categories established by the Colombian standard (research and practitioner); (ii) finally, a political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal analysis justifies a master's in digital transformation for science and engineering. The research model details the phases that were carried out to characterize and identify the curriculum framework that will be the basis for formalizing the master's degree document.

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Technical debt payment and prevention through the lenses of software architects
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Pérez, Boris | 2021-12

Context: Architectural decisions are considered one of the most common sources of technical debt (TD). Thus, it is necessary to understand how TD is perceived by software architects, particularly, the practices supporting the elimination of debt items from projects, and the practices used to reduce the chances of TD occurrence. Objective: This paper investigates the most commonly used practices to pay off TD and to prevent debt occurrence in software projects from the architect’s point of view. Method: We used the available data from InsighTD, which is a globally distributed family of industrial surveys on the causes, effects, and management of TD. We analyze responses from a corpus of 72 software architects from Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and the United States. Results: Results showed that refactoring (30.2%) was the main practice related to TD payment, followed by design improvements (14.0%). Refactoring, design improvements, and test improvements are the most cited payment practices among cases of code, design and test debt. Concerning the TD preventive practices, we find that having a well-defined architecture and design is the most cited practice (13.6%), followed by having a well-defined scope and requirements. This last practice is the most cited one for expert software architects. Finally, when comparing preventive practices among the three major roles derived from the survey (software architects, engineer roles, and management roles), we found that none of the roles shared the most cited practice, meaning that each role had its worries and focus on different strategies to reduce TD’s presence in the software. Conclusion: The lists of TD payment and prevention practices can guide software teams by having a catalog of practices to keep debt controlled or reduced.

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Microservices backlog A genetic programming technique for identification and evaluation of microservices from user stories
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Vera-Rivera, F. H. | 2021-08-20

The microservice granularity directly affects the quality attributes and usage of computational resources of the system, determining optimal microservice granularity is an open research topic. Microservices granularity is defined by the number of operations exposed by the microservice, the number of microservices that compose the whole application, and its complexity and dependencies. This paper describes “Microservice Backlog (MB)”, a semiautomatic model for defining and evaluating the granularity of microservice-based applications; MB uses genetic programming technique to calculate at design time the granularity of each microservice from the user stories in the “product backlog” or release planning; the genetic algorithm combined coupling, cohesion, granularity, semantic similarity, and complexity metrics to define the number of microservices, and the user stories associated with each microservice. MB decomposes the candidate microservices, allowing to analyze graphically the size of each microservice, as well as its complexity, dependencies, coupling, cohesion metrics, and the number of calls or requests between microservices. The resulting decomposition (number of microservices and their granularity) performed by MB shows less coupling, higher cohesion, less complexity, fewer user stories associated with each microservice, and fewer calls among microservices. MB was validated against three existing methods, using two state-of-the-art applications (Cargo Tracking and JPet-Store), and one real-life application (Foristom Conferences). The development team and/or architect can use metrics to identify the critical points of the system and determine at design time how the microservice-based application will be implemented.

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ForistomApp a Web application for scientific and technological information management of Forsitom foundation
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Hector Jaime, Dulce-Moreno | 2017-12-29

Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are essential in the transfer of knowledge, and the Web tools, as part of ICT, are important for institutions seeking greater visibility of the products developed by their researchers. For this reason, we implemented an application that allows the information management of the FORISTOM Foundation (Foundation of Researchers in Science and Technology of Materials). The application shows a detailed description, not only of all its members also of all the scientific production that they carry out, such as technological developments, research projects, articles, presentations, among others. This application can be implemented by other entities committed to the scientific dissemination and transfer of technology and knowledge.

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On the relationship between technical debt management and process models
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Rios, Nicolli | 2021-02-10

—As technical debt (TD) potentially occurs as a result of poor decisions that affect software development tasks, one might expect that practitioners following different process models, such as agile, hybrid or traditional, will perceive and manage the effects of TD differently. This study investigates the potential relationship between development process models and TD effects and their management by surveying 432 practitioners from software organizations in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and the United States. Results indicate that, although opinions about debt prevention and repayment are the same regardless of the process model, there are differences in how practitioners monitor and feel the effects of TD. Development teams can use our findings to have a clearer view of the possible effects and managerial influence of TD in their projects for each type of process model.

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Defining and measuring microservice granularity, a literature overview
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Vera-Rivera, Fredy H. | 2018-09-08

Background Microservices are an architectural approach of growing use, and the optimal granularity of a microservice directly affects the application’s quality attributes and usage of computational resources. Determining microservice granularity is an open research topic. Methodology We conducted a systematic literature review to analyze literature that addresses the definition of microservice granularity. We searched in IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library and Scopus. The research questions were: Which approaches have been proposed to define microservice granularity and determine the microservices’ size? Which metrics are used to evaluate microservice granularity? Which quality attributes are addressed when researching microservice granularity? Results We found 326 papers and selected 29 after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality attributes most often addressed are runtime properties (e.g., scalability and performance), not development properties (e.g., maintainability). Most proposed metrics were about the product, both static (coupling, cohesion, complexity, source code) and runtime (performance, and usage of computational resources), and a few were about the development team and process. The most used techniques for defining microservices granularity were machine learning (clustering), semantic similarity, genetic programming, and domain engineering. Most papers were concerned with migration from monoliths to microservices; and a few addressed green-field development, but none address improvement of granularity in existing microservice-based systems. Conclusions Methodologically speaking, microservice granularity research is at a Wild West stage: no standard definition, no clear development—operation trade-offs, and scarce conceptual reuse (e.g., few methods seem applicable or replicable in projects other than their initial proposal). These gaps in granularity research offer clear options to investigate on continuous improvement of the development and operation of microservice-based systems.

LEER
Design and implementation of a web application to estimate the surface density of implanted ions in solid substrates
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Vera-Rivera, F. H. | 2017-01-25

In the present research a web application is designed and implemented allowing us to calculate the dose of implanted ions on solid substrates from experimental parameters (repetition rate and pulse duration of current, potential difference, work pressure and treatment time) and current pulses acquired during start-up and shutdown of high voltage electrical discharges at low pressures. By physical and mathematical processing, it is achieved at first estimate the value of the ionic charge, and then the areal density. This study will provide more accurate and suitable developments in relation to applications of ion implantation as an alternative technique to increase the service life of the surfaces of the materials used in various industrial sectors developments.

LEER

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Portales Institucionales

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