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Innovación y Gestión Productiva - GIINGPRO

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Uso de la cáscara de mamón (Melicoccus bijugatus) para el teñido de telas

RodrÍguez Ordoñez, Dora Cecilia | 2016-12-30

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo mostrar que la cáscara de Melicoccus bijugatus puede ser utilizada para obtener un colorante para telas. Por el método de reflujo, con NaOH 0,25 N como solvente de extracción, se obtuvo un extracto coloreado café oscuro. Un segundo reflujo con etanol, permitió identificar los metabolitos de la cáscara, causantes de la tinción de los tejidos. El colorante fue aplicado en diferentes tipos de tejidos utilizando diferentes sustancias fijadoras de color (mordientes), para verificar su capacidad de coloración. Los tejidos con mayor absorción del colorante fueron aquellos con mayor contenido de algodón, utilizando Fe2(SO4)3 como mordiente.

Neuromarketing como herramienta de planificación en la gestión municipal

Laguado Ramirez, Raquel Irene | 2017-06-06

El estudio tuvo como propósito inicial analizar el neuromarketing como herramienta de planificación en la gestión municipal. Metodológicamente basado en un paradigma post-positivista, como un estudio cualitativo etnográfico con apoyo documental, con técnicas bajo un paradigma crítico interpretativo. La información se obtuvo mediante observación de participantes y la entrevista semiestructurada a los informantes de las cuatro organizaciones municipales seleccionadas. La fiabilidad de dicha población es relativa, al igual se destinará la ética como condición imperante.

Glocalización: enfoque para la internacionalización comercial en Norte de Santander frente al nacionalismo económico de Estados Unidos

palacios alvarado, wlamyr | 2017-07-01

El propósito del artículo es resaltar la importancia de la internacionalización comercial de Norte de Santander, dentro de la perspectiva de la glocalización frente al nacionalismo económico de Estados Unidos, mediante análisis basados en estudios cualitativos y cuantitativos que aplican una investigación tipo exploratoria, utilizando fuentes secundarias de información para permitir un examen del comercio exterior colombiano y del departamento de Norte de Santander frente al TLC con Estados Unidos, resultados que no cumplen las expectativas dada la considerable disminución de las operaciones comerciales después del acuerdo, que reflejan un bajo grado de integración económica. En el contexto latinoamericano, se evidencia la falta de políticas y procedimientos de parte del Estado y de las instituciones educativas para iniciar procesos de internacionalización comercial

Factores de éxito de la certificación ISO 9001 en empresas de Cúcuta y su Área Metropolitana

Martínez Rojas, Alix Belén | 2018-06-22

Ante el reto que representa para las empresas de la ciudad de Cúcuta (Colombia) implementar un Sistema de Gestión de Calidad (SGC) que les permita ofrecer servicios de calidad, garantizando su sostenibilidad y rentabilidad, el presente trabajo tiene por objeto evaluar el impacto que ha tenido la certificación ISO 9001 para las empresas de la región. Para efectos metodológicos se emplea un instrumento validado el cual se aplica sobre 71 empresas. Los resultados cuantitativos, analizados mediante estadística descriptiva, revelan que 23 de los 24 criterios evaluados se cumplen en más del 95% de las empresas analizadas, siendo la mejora continua el factor de mayor impacto; mientras que el 13% de estas revelan que no se han generado proyectos de innovación y desarrollo tras la implementación de un SGC.

Verification of compression resistance between a conventional concrete and its addition of 5, 10 and 15% in volume of fly ash replacing fine aggregate

Prada Botia, Gaudy Carolina | 2018-12-07

A comparative analysis was performed with regarding the compression resistance of a conventional concrete mixture and its experimental addition of 5, 10 and 15% of fly ash with respect to the volume of its fine aggregate. The fly ash came from the thermoelectric Termotasajero located in the city of Cucuta in the Norte de Santander Department, Colombia, the previous studies performed on fly ash by the thermoelectric laboratories were useful as a reference to classify the ash. The results obtained in the compression tests for the experimental mixtures were compared to the results of the conventional concrete, where a superiority in the resistance of the experimental mixtures in early stages (7 days) was evidenced. Regarding tests performed on day 14 a minimum difference when comparing the mixtures was noted. The resistance test performed on day 28 showed superiority on the conventional mixture with a 2.03 Megapascals advantage with respect to the strengths of the experimental mixes.

Motivation and performance of students of an engineering program in the realization of industrial practices

Laguado Ramirez, Raquel Irene | 2018-12-07

Industrial internships become the first approach to working life for students in their last semester and the first approach to develop the skills learned during their professional training. The Industrial Engineering program of the Francisco de Paula Santander University monitors the performance of the industrial practices and the motivation reflected by the students in the company where they carry out the practices. The article shows the results in the development of industrial practices, in terms of student motivation and performance in the tasks assigned in the company, highlighting the strengthening of professional development of students of industrial engineering.

Organizational philosophy as a vehicle of action in the competitive development of SMEs

Laguado Ramirez, Raquel Irene | 2018-12-07

The purpose of the study was to analyze organizational philosophy as a vehicle for action in the competitive development of SMEs. Based on a post-positivist paradigm with a hermeneutic phenomenological approach of qualitative design. The information was obtained by means of observation participants and the semi-structured interview to the informants of the four SMEs selected in Colombia. As for the results, were derived the concepts of the managers with respect to the organizational philosophy of SMEs, contemplates the mission, vision, policy strategy, short and long-term goals, also has as main objective to meet a set of rules and regulations to achieve an effective production and projection. It was evident the importance of knowing the strategic elements to develop a culture oriented to the development of SMEs, which is rooted in the principles, corporate values, which must always be considered when developing an activity. After analyzing the impact of the organizational philosophy as a vehicle for action, they argue as final reflections that differentiation is one of the most important axes, so that if all people know the strategic axes will surely have many more chances of having a competitive advantage. With respect to the recommendations, the theoretical orientations had their foundation in the organizational philosophy, which constitutes one of the primordial elements for the correct and successful development of an organization, since it produces a distinction, opinion and competitiveness in the field in which it performs, where it also wants to achieve a position.

El aprendizaje basado en proyectos, una experiencia en las prácticas industriales del Programa de Ingeniería Industrial de la UFPS

Laguado Ramirez, Raquel Irene | 2019-03-01

Las prácticas Industriales se convierten en la primera experiencia de desarrollo de proyectos en el ámbito laboral. El desarrollo de un proyecto que brinde soluciones empresariales, permite desenvolver las competencias genéricas necesarias para el desarrollo profesional, afianzando un aprendizaje constructivo a través de la solución de una problemática propia de un entorno laboral, donde a través de una colaboración multidisciplinar entre la universidad y la empresa, el estudiante realiza actividades orientadas a la planeación, búsqueda de soluciones, investigación y trabajo colaborativo, que permite aplicar los conocimientos adquiridos dentro de su formación profesional, trabajo en equipo, actitud crítica, entro otros elementos que benefician la formación integral del futuro profesional. La presente investigación abarca la experiencia desarrollada en el Programa de Ingeniería Industrial en la orientación de la asignatura de Prácticas Industriales, aplicando el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos como estrategia para desarrollar competencias cognitivas, colaborativas e investigativas.

Production of lightweight red ceramic floor tiles with addition of thermoelectric plant coal fly ash and its effect on physic mechanical properties

RAMIREZ DELGADO, ROSA PATRICIA | 2019-11-19

Fly ash obtained from coal combustion was used as a partial substitute of clay material for lightweight red ceramic floor tiles production by pressing. Raw materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence. The technique of molding by pressing was used for the manufacture of the prototypes, once firing, were evaluated their physical and mechanical properties (linear shrinkage, apparent density, water absorption, flexural strength). The results indicated that fly ash from the thermoelectric power plant at Termotasajero under the working conditions allow reduce the density of ceramic products with physic mechanical properties adequate for its use as ceramic tiles classified as BIIb and BIIIb.

Modelo analítico para acreditación de alta calidad en programas de ingeniería, una experiencia en la Unipamplona

Flórez Serrano, Elkin Gregorio | 2019-03-08

La Acreditación de Alta Calidad es el reconocimiento que realiza el Estado Colombiano, tanto a las instituciones que hacen parte del sistema universitario estatal, como a sus programas de pregrado y postgrado. Este reconocimiento permite a los programas demostrar los niveles de calidad educativa ofrecidos a la sociedad, a partir de los requerimientos actuales y futuros del país en distintas áreas, específicamente en los programas de ingeniería, estos últimos, objeto de estudio en el presente trabajo. Por lo tanto, el presente artículo se enfoca en dar a conocer un modelo que permita a los programas de ingeniería en Colombia afrontar el proceso de autoevaluación con fines de acreditación de una forma simplificada, donde se identifican claramente las fases o etapas de dicho proceso. Dicho modelo se describe en forma gráfica, permitiendo a los directivos, profesores, administrativos y estudiantes entender y apropiar rápidamente el tema de autoevaluación y acreditación. Finalmente, se describe un modelo por proyectos para la implementación del plan de mejoramiento

Perception of stiffness trend in city residential buildings

Orjuela Abril, Martha Sofia | 2019-09-30

In this project, a descriptive research was carried out in order to analyze, evaluate and detail the behavior of buildings between 4 and 18 floors of residential use in the City of San José de Cúcuta, Colombia, at the moment they are subjected to forces produced by earthquakes. For this purpose, a sample of 40 buildings framed in the above-mentioned characteristics was used by means of the SAP 2000 software. The seismic analysis of each building was made and the displacements of these were obtained when they are submitted before an earthquake. With this information, it was possible to calculate the drifts and evaluate them based on the requirements that determine the stiffness conditions present in the buildings. Finally, a document was drawn up identifying those buildings that are susceptible to significant damage in the event of a seismic movement and recommendations, due to the fact that they represent a social risk.

Impact of the socio-constructivist approach for the acquisition of mathematical competence in third and fifth grade elementary students

Morales Jaimes, Aily Diomara | 2020-04-11

The process of construction of competencies and specifically of mathematical competencies in the rural area requires a great deal of effort both for the student and for the teacher due to the many characteristics of the context, the interest in promoting the learning of mathematics in students of new schools. The fundamental objective of the research is to understand the impact of a socio-constructivist approach on the acquisition of mathematical competencies in third and fifth grades of primary school in multigrade groups in the rural sector. For the development of the objectives, we resorted to the qualitative methodology of educational action research that allowed students to explore their educational conditions in the search and consolidation of their learning process. With the design and application of the proposal, it was observed that a modification in the process can significantly increase the acceptance of mathematics, given that it is largely rejected by the majority of students; in the same way, it can be established that students recognize the relevance of companionship, and specify this essential part in the learning process, as well as the importance of the social context to motivate learning. In general, it is necessary to argue that the field work carried out allowed for an enriching experience and the achievement of positive evidence of the socioconstructivist model within the rural multigrade school.

Students' perception of an engineering program on student mobility and its impact on integral formation

Laguado Ramirez, Raquel Irene | 2019-11-19

Student mobility is considered as one of the strategies used in universities for the internationalization of higher education, an important factor within the program accreditation model defined by the National Accreditation Council. In this context, the following study sought to understand students' perception of mobility processes and the significant experiences generated within the academic and multicultural process, becoming an opportunity to analyze the main variables that students take into account in order to participate in this mechanism of internationalization in Universities. This article analyses the students' perception of an engineering program in the period 2013-2018, on student mobility and its impact within integral formation. Based on the results obtained, strategies are generated to encourage mobility among engineering students, highlighting the importance of internationalization as an enriching tool for professional training.

Computer-aided simulation of the energetic and exergetic efficiency of a two-stage cascade cooling cycle

Arrieta Mondragón, Leonardo | 2018

Refrigeration systems are of great importance in industry and are widely used in food preservation or air conditioning. Studies have been carried out in recent years in search of parameters to optimise the cycle by reducing losses, both to increase the COP and to reduce energy consumption, so that process improvements have been made from which different cycles are derived, such as the gas cooling cycle with regeneration, absorption cooling, gas liquefaction or multistage compression cooling systems. This document presents a combined refrigeration system consisting of two vapour compression refrigeration cycles linked by a heat exchanger that not only reduces the work of the compressor but also increases the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerated space as a result of the cascade stages and improves the COP of a refrigeration system. The study was carried out under the assumption of a stationary flow, and without significant changes in the kinetic and potential energy, i.e. assuming an ideal process, carrying out several case studies with the help of UNISIM, evaluating the effect of varying the low temperature on the exergetic efficiency, the destroyed exergy of the condenser, the net input work and the COP, as well as the influence of the input pressure in the upper cycle compressor on the net input work and the COP.

Comparison of a transtibial socket design obtained by additive manufacturing and reverse engineering and a traditional model

Prada Botia, Gaudy Carolina | 2018-12-07

The purpose of this article is to present manufacturing methodologies through reverse engineering of socket design for a transtibial amputee, bearing in mind that it is a customized product. In addition, the traditional manufacturing process will be arrived at in comparison with the model proposed. In this sense, this document proposes a new practical approach to modeling the contact interface, i.e. the prosthetic socket and the skin, and thus making a more functional prosthesis by helping people to visibly improve their quality of life.

Characterization of Emissions in a Diesel Engine Using Biodiesel Blends Produced from Agro-Industrial Residues of Elaeis Guineensis

Prada Botia, Gaudy Carolina | 2020-03

This study investigates the influence of biodiesel blends produced from agro-industrial residues of palm oil (Elaeis guineensis), on the performance and emission characteristics of a small diameter single-cylinder diesel engine. The engine tests have been performed at three different loads with a constant speed of 3600 rpm. Experimental results have showed that the blends of biodiesel PB5 and PB10 cause a consumption of 1.12% and 2.45% higher than diesel. The addition of biodiesel from palm oil residues has allowed the reduction of CO, CO2, and HC emissions by 28.6%, 12.6%, and 14.3%. However, biodiesel has caused an increase in NOx emissions and smoke density. The evaluation of the thermal efficiency of the brake has showed a difference of 2.4% and 3.7% for PB5 and PB10 compared to conventional diesel. Similar efficiency compared to diesel and significant reductions in CO, CO2, and HC emissions, show that biodiesel blends produced from palm oil agro-industrial wastes have the potential to replace partially the diesel content in the fuel, thus contributing to the reduction of engine emissions and reducing the environmental pollution caused by this type of waste.

Analysis and statistical projection of vehicle occupancy using average annual daily traffic in the city

Orjuela Abril, Martha Sofia | 2020-08-05

The excess of both private and public vehicles has hindered the mobility of large cities and, likewise, has begun to affect small cities, increasing environmental pollution, accidents, mortality, among others. The following research work includes the diagnosis and projection to the year 2021 of the traffic generated in the road corridor for future constructions in the adjacent area of the tennis club of the city of "San José de Cúcuta, Colombia", through the collection of data by capacity of vehicles, traffic counts, surveys and vehicle registration, determining the present and future annual average daily traffic, within the main findings it was found that this sector is mostly traveled by cars, trucks and taxis. It was determined that the flow of vehicles will increase in the year 2021 by 24.62%, the constructions of shopping centers will be executed within the sector.

Cálculo del número de Poiseuille para flujo laminar plenamente desarrollado en ductos de diferentes secciones trasversales

Ortiz, Yesid | 2020-05-01

El uso de ductos es una alternativa importante en el transporte de fluidos, siendo un problema común de ingeniería obtener lacaída (pérdida) de presión o transferencia de calor en el fluido. Para evaluar estos fenómenos, el número de Poiseuille (f ReDh) es de mucha importancia. En el presente artículo, este número ha sido calculado para flujo laminar plenamente desarrollado en ductos de diferentes secciones trasversales usando el software TRANSCAL, el cual ha sido desarrollado por el Laboratorio de Simulación Numérica en Mecánica de Fluidos y Transferencia de Calor –SINMEC-, de la Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina. En la implementación de los cálculos realizados en el software, se introdujeron los parámetros utilizando la analogía entre la ecuación diferencial de cantidad de movimiento en la dirección del flujo y la ecuación diferencial de energía del fluido, con el objetivo de obtener la velocidad media del fluido en el ducto.

Carbon footprint analysis and advanced exergo-environmental modeling of a waste heat recovery system based on a recuperative organic Rankine cycle

Prada Botia, Gaudy Carolina | 2020-07-17

The excessive and irrational use of non-renewable energy is the consequence of the interaction of economic growth and environmental pollution. Therefore, it is increasingly necessary to propose energy and environmental improvements in the energy conversion systems according to sustainable development goals, especially in internal combustion engines. The exergetic analyses are a great tool because they allow identifying the components of greater irreversibilities. However, sustainable continuous improvement and opportunities can be found only by means of its advanced development. The study showed that in the waste heat recovery of a 2 MW gas engine based on the recuperative organic Rankine cycle (RORC) using R123 as working fluid, much of the exergy destroyed was endogenous 105.08 kW (81.6%). Steel, copper and aluminum were the proposed materials for the construction of the components, and through a life cycle analysis, it was found that the significant environmental impacts were found in the turbine for the aluminum with a value of 27617.21 kg of CO2 equivalent. Through the carbon footprint and advanced exergo-environmental analysis, it was found that the heat exchanger 1 is the equipment with the largest endogenous exergy destruction opportunities for improvement, also is the heat exchanger device with the most significant rate of environmental impacts, and the recommended material to use in the construction phase of the life-time of the system is the aluminum.

Coffee Husk as Feldspar Substitute in the Manufacture of Enameled Ceramic Tile

Sarabia Guarin, Alejandra | 2020-12-09

This study researches the effect of adding coffee husk (ch) and coffee husk ash (cha) as partial feldspar substitutes to the manufacture of enameled ceramic tiles. Clays and other paste additives were characterized using xrd and xrf. The designed prototypes were pressed, dried, and fired at 1,120 °C. The physical (drying and firing shrinkage, apparent density, water absorption) and mechanical (flexion resistance) properties were evaluated and compared with standard fired speci-mens. Although the physical and mechanical properties of the specimens with 5 and 10 % ch and cha make them suitable for the manufacture of biib ceramic tiles, it was concluded that ch and cha under the working conditions do not replace feldspar in the preparation of enameled ceramic tiles due to surface quality defects.