Now showing items 1-20 of 87

Activación de las Isoformas del Gen pr1 de Metarhizium anisopliae Durante la Patogénesis en Diaphorina citri

López Barrera, German Luciano; Rosas, Ninfa M.; Mireles, Maribel; Villegas, Jesús M. (Southwestern EntomologistEstados Unidos, 2018-03-01)

Se analizó la activación de las isoformas Pr1A, Pr1B, Pr1C, PR1D, PR1E, Pr1F, Pr1G, Pr1H, Pr1I, Pr1J, Pr1K del gen pr1 de Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) durante el proceso ...
Advanced Oxidation Processes and Biotechnological Alternatives for the Treatment of Tannery Wastewater

Urbina-Suarez, Nestor Andres; Machuca-Martinez, Fiderman; Barajas Solano, andres F (Molecules, 2021-05-27)

The tannery industry is one of the economic sectors that contributes to the development of different countries. Globally, Europe and Asia are the main producers of this industry, although Latin America and Africa have been ...
Alarmin’ immunologists: IL-33 as a putative target for modulating T cell-dependent responses

YANEZ MENESES, LUZ FRANCY; Gajardo Carrasco, Tania Fernanda; Pérez Béssolo, Francisco Andrés; Terraza-Aguirre, Claudia; Campos-Mora, Mauricio; Pino Lagos, Karina (Frontiers in ImmunologyChile, 2015-06-02)

IL-33 is a known member of the IL-1 cytokine superfamily classically named “atypical” due to its diverse functions. The receptor for this cytokine is the ST2 chain (or IL-1RL1), part of the IL-1R family, and the accessory ...
Algalcolor: bio-platform for the sustainable production of cyanobacterial-based colours and fine chemicals

Barajas Solano, andres F (Universidad Francisco de Paula SantanderCúcuta, 2021)

Las cianobacterias son consideradas como una de las nuevas fuentes biotecnológicas sostenible de varias materias primas para la industria farmacéutica, alimentaria, clínica y energética mundial. Dentro de estos metabolitos, ...
Alternative for the Treatment of Leachates Generated in a Landfll of Norte de Santander–Colombia, by Means of the Coupling of a Photocatalytic and Biological Aerobic Process

Becerra Moreno, Dorance; SOTO VERJEL, JOSEPH WBEIMAR; Villamizar, Salvador; Machuca-Martinez, Fiderman; Ramírez Ríos, Luisa Fernanda (Topics in CatalysisLuxemburgo, 2020-05-28)

In the present study, the use of heterogeneous photocatalysis TiO2/UV coupled to an activated sludge reactor was evaluated as an alternative treatment for the leachate coming from a Landfll, located in Cucuta (Colombia). ...
Analysis of the biodiesel production yield from waste frying oil

Urbina-Suarez, Nestor Andres; Acevedo, Astrid; Acevedo Paez, Juan Camilo; Arenas, Erika; Becerra, L. C. (Journal of Physics: Conference SeriesReino Unido, 2018-09)

This research sought to produce biodiesel from waste frying oil (WFO) from chicken grills by using chemical transesterification to evaluate quality conditions and the yield of the biodiesel obtained. For this, acid ...
Análisis de curvas de Covid-19 en Colombia utilizando ajuste por mínimos cuadrados

Ramírez Carvajal, Luis Eduardo; Puerto, Karla; López Barrera, German Luciano (IngeniareColombia, 2020-12-13)

Este artículo presenta un análisis de curvas de Covid-19 en Colom-bia utilizando ajuste por mínimos cuadrados. Tomados los datos de contagios, recuperados y fallecidos de Covid-19 en Colombia, entre marzo y abril, se realizó ...
Applicability of a modified breakage and coalescence model based on the complete turbulence spectrum concept for CFD simulation of gas-liquid mass transfer in a stirred tank reactor

Niño, Lilibeth; Gelves, German; Ali, Haider; Solsvik, Jannike; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle (Chemical Engineering ScienceAustralia, 2020-01-16)

A generalized model for bubble breakage and coalescence is proposed using Computational Fluid Dynamics – CFD for considering the complete energy spectrum. An eulerian model and balance equations are simultaneously used to ...
The Application of Catalytic Processes on the Production of Algae-Based Biofuels: A Review

ZUORRO, Antonio; García-Martinez, Janet; Barajas Solano, andres F (Catalysts, 2020-12-28)

Over the last decades, microalgal biomass has gained a significant role in the development of different high-end (nutraceuticals, colorants, food supplements, and pharmaceuticals) and lowend products (biodiesel, bioethanol, ...
Astaxanthin production from Haematococcus pluvialis: effects of light wavelength and salinity

González-Delgado, Angel Darío; Barajas Solano, andres F; Torres, Luz Karime; SUAREZ GELVEZ, JOHN HERMOGENES; Urbina-Suarez, Nestor Andres (Contemporary Engineering SciencesBulgaria, 2017-12-28)

Haematococcus pluvialis has attracted much global attention due to its ability to produce huge amounts of astaxanthin, a carotenoid pigment widely applied in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. In this work, ...
Asymbiotic seed germination and in vitro propagation of Cattleya trianae Linden & Reichb.f. (Orchidaceae)

SALAZAR MERCADO, SEIR ANTONIO; Vega, Nelson (Acta AgronómicaColombia, 2017-10-01)

Cattleya trianae (Linden & Reichb.f., 1860), Colombian national flower, is in danger of extinction due to the destruction of its natural habitats and excessive collection for horticultural purposes. Therefore, in vitro ...
Bioremediation of Aquaculture Wastewater Using Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris

Blanco, Estefany; González-Delgado, Angel Darío; García-Martinez, Janet; Sanchez-Galvis, Edwar; Barajas Solano, andres F (Contemporary Engineering SciencesBulgaria, 2017-12-24)

Microalgae have received increasing attentions as an alternative treatment approach to remediate wastewater for both nutrient removal and biomass production. Wastewater from aquaculture industry contains high levels of ...
Caracterización Molecular Del Fitopatógeno Moniliophthora Roreri, Utilizando Marcadores Issr, En Norte De Santander, Colombia.

SUAREZ CONTRERAS, LILIANA YANETH (ProspectivaColombia, 2021-02-17)

Las regiones del departamento de Norte de Santander, Colombia, cultivadores de cacao presentan la enfermedad más grave que es la moniliasis causada por el hongo fitopatógeno Moniliophthora roreri. ...
Caracterización Viscoelástica de Biopelículas Obtenidas a Base de Mezclas Binarias

Urbina-Suarez, Nestor Andres; GONZALEZ CUELLO, RAFAEL EMILIO; Morón Alcázar, Lena (Informacion TecnologicaChile, 2015-01-18)

El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar la viscoelasticidad dinámica lineal de biopelículas obtenidas con glicerol al 12 % (v/v), goma gelana (GG), concentrado de proteína de suero lácteo (CPS) y sus mezclas. Las ...
CFD: A New Challenge in Bioprocess Engineering

Niño, Lilibeth; Gelves, German; Peñuela, Mariana (International Journal of Applied Engineering ResearchIndia, 2018)

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is a powerful tool based on mathematical applications for modeling transient and spatial transport modes such as mass, momentum and heat transfer in multiphase fluids. Currently, CFD ...
Computational Implementation of Required Industrial Unit Operations for Bio-Plastic Production From Starch Extracted from Banana Peels by Aerobic Fermentation using Rizophus Oryzae

Gelves, German; Bello, A; Morales, K; Sánchez, L; Lidueñez, V; Leal, A (Journal of Physics: Conference SeriesReino Unido, 2020-11-04)

In this research computer modeling was performed with the SuperPro Designer Software to simulate the industrial-scale production of poly-lactic acid using the Rizophus oryzae fungus. The previous to predict the higher ...
Computer-aided environmental and exergy analyses of a large-scale production of chitosan microbeads modified with TiO2 nanoparticles

Meramo, Samir; Urbina-Suarez, Nestor Andres; González-Delgado, Angel Darío (Journal of Cleaner ProductionReino Unido, 2019-11-10)

Chitosan is a biopolymer that has emerged as a useful material with applications in sectors such as medicine, food industry, water treatment systems, among others. This biomaterial is synthesized from shrimp exoskeleton, ...
Coupling of heterogeneous photocatalysis and aerobic biological process of activated sludge to treat wastewater containing Chlorpyrifos

Becerra Moreno, Dorance; ARTEAGA CELIS, BRENDA LUCIA; OCHOA RANGEL, YURINEY ELIZABETH; Barajas Solano, andres F; García-Martinez, Janet; Ramirez, Luisa (Revista Ingeniería Y CompetitividadColombia, 2020-01-03)

Chlorpyrifos is one of the most commonly used pesticides in Colombia, being the most commonly used in the department of Norte de Santander, where its usefulness has been proven to protect crops of rice, coffee, etc. However, ...
Cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris in Aquaculture Wastewater for Protein Production

Blanco, Estefany; Sanchez-Galvis, Edwar; González-Delgado, Angel Darío; García-Martinez, Janet; Barajas Solano, andres F (Contemporary Engineering SciencesColombia, 2018-02-02)

Microalgae have emerged as environment friendly alternative source of valuable products for energy, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. These microorganisms have been also studied in wastewater treatments due to its ...
Cultivo de cebolla (Allium cepa L.) en la provincia de Ocaña: factores asociados a la productividad y el rendimiento

Vergel Ortega, Mawency; Martinez, Jose Joaquin; Zafra, Sandra Liliana (Revista Colombiana De Ciencias HortícolasColombia, 2017-02-10)

El artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar factores asociados a la producción de la cebolla en la Provincia de Ocaña (Colombia) utilizando cuatro fórmulas de abono. La investigación siguió un enfoque cuantitativo, diseño ...

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Activación de las Isoformas del Gen pr1 de Metarhizium anisopliae Durante la Patogénesis en Diaphorina citri
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López Barrera, German Luciano | 2018-03-01

Se analizó la activación de las isoformas Pr1A, Pr1B, Pr1C, PR1D, PR1E, Pr1F, Pr1G, Pr1H, Pr1I, Pr1J, Pr1K del gen pr1 de Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) durante el proceso patogénico en adultos del psílido asiático de los cítricos Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae). Se seleccionaron las cepas Ma57 y Ma62 por su alta y baja patogenicidad hacia D. citri, respectivamente. Los insectos se infectaron con una suspensión de conidias y se mantuvieron en ramas de Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack (Sapindales: Rutaceae) durante 7 días. La actividad de las once isoformas durante el proceso patogénico se detectó mediante RT-PCR en diez tiempos diferentes después de la infección. Los resultados indicaron que las isoformas Pr1A, Pr1B, Pr1C, Pr1E, y Pr1I no se activaron en ninguno de los tiempos analizados en ambas cepas. Las isoformas Pr1F y Pr1G en ambas cepas estuvieron activas desde las 0 h hasta las 168 h. Las isoformas Pr1D, Pr1H, Pr1J, y Pr1K se activaron en patrones diferentes y algunas de manera intermitente. Se observaron diferencias en los patrones de activación de las isoformas Pr1D, Pr1J, y Pr1K de la cepa 57 con respecto a la cepa 62. Las ocho isoformas restantes presentaron un patrón de activación similar en ambas cepas. Estos resultados indican que algunas isoformas probablemente se activan con el proceso de infección, otras están activas independientemente del proceso de infección y otras posiblemente tienen alguna participación en otros procesos diferentes. Nuestros resultados coadyuvan al conocimiento de la participación del gen pr1 de M. anisopliae durante el proceso patogénico en el psílido asiático de los cítricos. Se requieren más estudios para definir el papel preponderante de las isoformas del gen pr1 en la patogenicidad de M. anisopliae y su actividad eficiente en el control de plagas.

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Advanced Oxidation Processes and Biotechnological Alternatives for the Treatment of Tannery Wastewater
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Urbina-Suarez, Nestor Andres | 2021-05-27

The tannery industry is one of the economic sectors that contributes to the development of different countries. Globally, Europe and Asia are the main producers of this industry, although Latin America and Africa have been growing considerably in recent years. With this growth, the negative environmental impacts towards different ecosystem resources as a result of the discharges of recalcitrated pollutants, have led to different investigations to generate alternative solutions. Worldwide, different technologies have been studied to address this problem, biological and physicochemical processes have been widely studied, presenting drawbacks with some recalcitrant compounds. This review provides a context on the different existing technologies for the treatment of tannery wastewater, analyzing the physicochemical composition of this liquid waste, the impact it generates on human health and ecosystems and the advances in the different existing technologies, focusing on advanced oxidation processes and the use of microalgae. The coupling of advanced oxidation processes with biological processes, mainly microalgae, is seen as a viable biotechnological strategy, not only for the removal of pollutants, but also to obtain value-added products with potential use in the biorefining of the biomass.

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Alarmin’ immunologists: IL-33 as a putative target for modulating T cell-dependent responses
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YANEZ MENESES, LUZ FRANCY | 2015-06-02

IL-33 is a known member of the IL-1 cytokine superfamily classically named “atypical” due to its diverse functions. The receptor for this cytokine is the ST2 chain (or IL-1RL1), part of the IL-1R family, and the accessory chain IL-1R. ST2 can be found as both soluble and membrane-bound forms, property that explains, at least in part, its wide range of functions. IL-33 has increasingly gained our attention as a potential target to modulate immune responses. At the beginning, it was known as one of the participants during the development of allergic states and other Th2-mediated responses and it is now accepted that IL-33 contributes to Th1-driven pathologies as demonstrated in animal models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), collagen-induced arthritis, and trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced experimental colitis, among others. Interestingly, current data are placing IL-33 as a novel regulator of immune tolerance by affecting regulatory T cells (Tregs); although the mechanism is not fully understood, it seems that dendritic cells and myeloid suppressor-derived cells may be cooperating in the generation and/or establishment of IL-33-mediated tolerance. Here, we review the most updated literature on IL-33, its role on T cell biology, and its impact in immune tolerance.

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Algalcolor: bio-platform for the sustainable production of cyanobacterial-based colours and fine chemicals
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Barajas Solano, andres F | 2021

Las cianobacterias son consideradas como una de las nuevas fuentes biotecnológicas sostenible de varias materias primas para la industria farmacéutica, alimentaria, clínica y energética mundial. Dentro de estos metabolitos, las ficobiliproteinas (proteínas colorantes de color azul y rojo) y los exopolisacaridos resaltan por su amplia demanda. Las cianobacterias son la principal fuente natural de ficobiliproteinas. Este grupo de microorganismos simples es explotado a nivel mundial en diferentes sistemas de producción (abiertos o cerrados). Sin embargo, las cepas que son explotadas industrialmente poseen condiciones abióticas de cultivo (temperatura, radiación solar y ciclo luz:oscuridad) que restringen su localización geográfica a ciertas zonas, por lo cual, no todas las cepas (menos del 10% de la diversidad global) son explotadas. Las cianobacterias termotolerantes poseen la capacidad de sobrevivir en ambientes con alta radiación y temperatura, lo cual les otorga un mayor rango de crecimiento. En los últimos años, el grupo Ambiente y Vida de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander ha podido aislar y determinar un grupo de cianobacterias termotolerantes provenientes de termales del departamento con la capacidad de producir altos contenidos de ficocianinas y exopolisacaridos los cuales pueden ser estudiados para su explotación industrial. El presente proyecto tiene como objetivo Desarrollar una bio-plataforma para la producción de colores y metabolitos de alto valor agregado a empleando cianobacterias termotolerantes colombianas. Para lograr lo anterior se proponen las siguientes etapas: (1) Determinar las cepas mayor capacidad de producir fitohormonas y Exopolisacaridos (EPS). (2) Identificar el efecto del Ciclo luz/oscuridad e intensidad lumínica en la producción de fitohormonas y Exopolisacaridos. (3) Determinar el efecto de concentración de macronutrientes en la producción de C-PC y PE. (4) Evaluar el efecto de la concentración de micronutrientes en la síntesis de C-PC y PE. Y (5) Optimizar la concentración de nutrientes para la síntesis y producción de C-PC y PE en cepas de cianobacterias termotolerantes. Se espera que esta iniciativa permita mejorar constantemente la investigación, desarrollo e innovación en la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y del Ambiente y finalmente de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander.

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Alternative for the Treatment of Leachates Generated in a Landfll of Norte de Santander–Colombia, by Means of the Coupling of a Photocatalytic and Biological Aerobic Process
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Becerra Moreno, Dorance | 2020-05-28

In the present study, the use of heterogeneous photocatalysis TiO2/UV coupled to an activated sludge reactor was evaluated as an alternative treatment for the leachate coming from a Landfll, located in Cucuta (Colombia). TiO2 (Degussa P-25) between 100 and 600 mg.L−1 was used as a catalyst, semi-continuous type reactors for the photocatalysis, a batch for the biological stage, UV light with accumulated energies from 20 to 60 kJ.L−1 were also used, a constant concentration of H2O2 was used as an adjuvant in all tests. The research consisted of four main phases: leachate characterization, biological treatment, optimization of photocatalytic and AOP-biological coupling. For the optimization of the photocatalytic step, an experimental design was carried out through the statistical program Statgraphics Centurion XV of factorial type 3^2 (3 levels 2 variables), modeling the results by means of a response surface, the variables of the pH and the concentration of the catalyst were included, having this as input for the response of interest the percentage (%) of DOC removal. The biological process itself provided a removal of 38 and 24% for COD and DOC, respectively. The AOP-biological coupling provided a removal of 68 and 76% in terms of COD and DOC, respectively. Thus, the coupling signifcantly improves the overall efciency of the process by more than 50%, which represents a promising improvement compared to the removal of organic matter for the treatment of the same type of water using only the biological process. The results show a viable alternative for the treatment of leachate because higher removal levels are achieved in residence times, which are considered shorter than the ones in conventional processes.

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Analysis of the biodiesel production yield from waste frying oil
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Urbina-Suarez, Nestor Andres | 2018-09

This research sought to produce biodiesel from waste frying oil (WFO) from chicken grills by using chemical transesterification to evaluate quality conditions and the yield of the biodiesel obtained. For this, acid esterification and basic transesterification were applied under the following conditions: reaction temperature 60°𝐶, catalyst concentration of 1% (m/m) KOH, oil:alcohol 1: 6 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜, and two reaction times (55 𝑎𝑛𝑑 70𝑚𝑖𝑛) for the transesterification. The physicochemical properties of the raw material were analyzed (i.e., density, humidity, kinematic viscosity, fatty acid profile, acidity index, peroxides, and saponification) where the WFO showed high contents of oleic acid (42.45%) and palmitic acid (33.52%), which are fundamental for biodiesel production. Chemical transesterification under the conditions of 60°𝐶, 1% KOH, and 70𝑚𝑖𝑛 obtained the best yield by presenting a high conversion percentage (96.15%) and an acid number of 1.33𝑚𝑚𝐾𝑂𝐻/𝑔, according to ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 international standards.

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Análisis de curvas de Covid-19 en Colombia utilizando ajuste por mínimos cuadrados
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Ramírez Carvajal, Luis Eduardo | 2020-12-13

Este artículo presenta un análisis de curvas de Covid-19 en Colom-bia utilizando ajuste por mínimos cuadrados. Tomados los datos de contagios, recuperados y fallecidos de Covid-19 en Colombia, entre marzo y abril, se realizó un modelamiento. Mediante la suma de los datos de mayo, junio y julio se llevó a cabo un segundo modelamiento. También se realizaron predicciones que fueron comparadas con los datos reales de la pandemia a fin de validar el pronóstico. Finalmente, se realizó un tercer modelamiento su-mando los datos del mes de agosto y se realizaron predicciones para septiembre. Los coeficientes de determinación de los primeros dos modelamientos estuvieron en un rango entre 0,7124 y 0,9985, y en el tercer modelamiento entre 0,9524 y 0,9955. Finalmente, se concluye que el Covid-19 en Colombia ha seguido los pronósticos establecidos por los modelos más acertados de este estudio con errores inferiores al 7 %; de seguir así, se espera una mitigación de la pandemia para inicios de septiembre, pero un aumento de contagios para finales del mismo mes. Se recomienda guardar los protocolos de bioseguridad establecidos por el Gobierno y reforzar las medidas de prevención en caso de presenciar el inicio de este aumento a mediados de septiembre.

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Applicability of a modified breakage and coalescence model based on the complete turbulence spectrum concept for CFD simulation of gas-liquid mass transfer in a stirred tank reactor
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Niño, Lilibeth | 2020-01-16

A generalized model for bubble breakage and coalescence is proposed using Computational Fluid Dynamics – CFD for considering the complete energy spectrum. An eulerian model and balance equations are simultaneously used to simulate the multiphase flow and bubble size distribution, respectively. The turbulent kinetic energy and its dissipation are calculated using the standard turbulence model k-ε. A semi-empirical model that solves the second-order longitudinal structure function based on an interpolation function is coupled to CFD via UDF (User Defined Functions) code. CFD results are compared with experimental data obtained from Sauter mean diameter measurements at different bioreactor positions and stirred by a Rushton turbine. A reasonable prediction is obtained in comparison with the original Coulaloglou and Tavlarides (Break up) and Prince and Blanch (Coalescence) model. Further, the generalized model was extended to other stirring and aeration geometries using the same 10 litter tank bioreactor. The latter for evaluating strategies for overcoming gas-liquid mass transfer problems commonly found in bioreactors and a significant effect of the energy spectrum is reached in the geometries studied. The above, explained by the kLa oxygen transfer rate and bubble size determinations. It is numerically demonstrated that flow patterns and bubble size significantly influence the average kLa mass transfer in a bioreactor.

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The Application of Catalytic Processes on the Production of Algae-Based Biofuels: A Review
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ZUORRO, Antonio | 2020-12-28

Over the last decades, microalgal biomass has gained a significant role in the development of different high-end (nutraceuticals, colorants, food supplements, and pharmaceuticals) and lowend products (biodiesel, bioethanol, and biogas) due to its rapid growth and high carbon-fixing efficiency. Therefore, microalgae are considered a useful and sustainable resource to attain energy security while reducing our current reliance on fossil fuels. From the technologies available for obtaining biofuels using microalgae biomass, thermochemical processes (pyrolysis, Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL), gasification) have proven to be processed with higher viability, because they use all biomass. However, due to the complex structure of the biomass (lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins), the obtained biofuels from direct thermochemical conversion have large amounts of heteroatoms (oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur). As a solution, catalyst-based processes have emerged as a sustainable solution for the increase in biocrude production. This paper’s objective is to present a comprehensive review of recent developments on the catalyst-mediated conversion of algal biomass. Special attention will be given to operating conditions, strains evaluated, and challenges for the optimal yield of algal-based biofuels through pyrolysis and HTL.

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Astaxanthin production from Haematococcus pluvialis: effects of light wavelength and salinity
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González-Delgado, Angel Darío | 2017-12-28

Haematococcus pluvialis has attracted much global attention due to its ability to produce huge amounts of astaxanthin, a carotenoid pigment widely applied in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. In this work, production of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis was performed under three different salt concentrations (0, 0.45 and 0.9% v/v) and wavelengths (blue, white and red) in order to evaluate the effects of salinity and light wavelengths on microalgae growth. A multifactorial 32 experimental design was used and its results were studied by Manova analyzer with 95% of reliability. According to the results, the highest amount of astaxanthin (9.72 μg/mL) was obtained at 0.45 %v/v of salt concentration and blue wavelength.

LEER
Asymbiotic seed germination and in vitro propagation of Cattleya trianae Linden & Reichb.f. (Orchidaceae)
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SALAZAR MERCADO, SEIR ANTONIO | 2017-10-01

Cattleya trianae (Linden & Reichb.f., 1860), Colombian national flower, is in danger of extinction due to the destruction of its natural habitats and excessive collection for horticultural purposes. Therefore, in vitro culture is a tool for the conservation of threatened species. In this study we determined the most suitable culture medium for asimbytic seed germination and in vitro propagation of C. trianae. Initially, mature capsules were collected, the seeds were subsequently disinfected and seeded with the syringe method (Vendrame et al., 2007), to evaluate the effect of five media on the development of C. trianae after 20 weeks. The seedlings were transplanted and acclimated using different substrates. The best percentage (54.2%) of seedling formation after 20 weeks was found in MS + JP medium with significant differences (P <0.05: Tukey HSD). In this research, it is reported that the addition of organic additives to the MS medium improves the efficacy of this, and therefore, allows a greater growth and development of C. trianae under in vitro conditions.

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Bioremediation of Aquaculture Wastewater Using Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris
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Blanco, Estefany | 2017-12-24

Microalgae have received increasing attentions as an alternative treatment approach to remediate wastewater for both nutrient removal and biomass production. Wastewater from aquaculture industry contains high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, which affect plant growth. Conventional methods for treating aquaculture wastewater generally are inefficient and unprofitable. In this work, microalgae Chlorella vulgaris growth was studied in aquaculture effluent medium in order to reduce its contents of NO3 and PO4. Furthermore, the effect of NaHCO3 and Na2CO3 concentrations and addition time on biomass productivity was evaluate to determine the most suitable conditions for biomass growth. It was found that highest biomass content (0.3 g/L) was achieved at 3.4 g/L of sodium bicarbonate concentration and 19 h of addition time.

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Caracterización Molecular Del Fitopatógeno Moniliophthora Roreri, Utilizando Marcadores Issr, En Norte De Santander, Colombia.
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SUAREZ CONTRERAS, LILIANA YANETH | 2021-02-17

Las regiones del departamento de Norte de Santander, Colombia, cultivadores de cacao presentan la enfermedad más grave que es la moniliasis causada por el hongo fitopatógeno Moniliophthora roreri. Inicialmente se llevó a cabo el protocoló de desinfección en la mazorca enferma, se sembró en agar PDA (papa dextrosa), agar PDA modificado (gentamicina y pulpa de cacao) y agar extracto de malta, incubándolo por 10 días a una temperatura de 15°C, mostrando mejor crecimiento en agar PDA. Después se continuó con la extracción de ADN, posteriormente se ratificó la efectividad de muestras conservadas de monilia aisladas en los municipios de El Zulia, Cúcuta, Tibú, Puerto Santander, Bucarasica, El Tarra, Teorama y Sardinata de Norte de Santander, una vez comprobada la presencia de ADN por electroforesis en gel de agarosa, se seleccionaron 24 muestras, luego se estandarizó la técnica de ISSR (inter secuencias repetidas); para el cual se obtuvieron patrones de bandas en la mayoría de las 27 muestras con los cebadores 823, 880, 890 y 891, mientras que con el cebador 816, 874 y 885 generaron muy pocas bandas. Con el empleo de ITS4 y ITS5 se realizó la PCR, los amplicones fueron secuenciados para 2 muestras aisladas del hongo y arrojo: para el hongo HFa007un porcentaje de identidad del 97,08%, Diaporthe pseudomangiferaem y para el hongo HFa009 un porcentaje de 99,29% de identidad para Diaporthe melonis. Se ejecutó el análisis estadístico, donde se obtuvo un dendograma basado en el coeficiente de Dice, el cual mostro las relaciones existentes para las 28 muestras estudiadas. La muestra 6d-17 proveniente de Sardinata se agrupo de forma independiente

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Caracterización Viscoelástica de Biopelículas Obtenidas a Base de Mezclas Binarias
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Urbina-Suarez, Nestor Andres | 2015-01-18

El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar la viscoelasticidad dinámica lineal de biopelículas obtenidas con glicerol al 12 % (v/v), goma gelana (GG), concentrado de proteína de suero lácteo (CPS) y sus mezclas. Las biopelículas basadas en biopolímeros funcionales y concentrado de proteína de suero lácteo (CPS) son una alternativa en la industria alimentaria al empaque tradicional de alimentos con materiales sintéticos, por lo cual se hace necesario realizar estudios iniciales de tipo técnico. Para la caracterización de las biopelículas se utilizó análisis reológico dinámico y curvas de Creep ajustadas al modelo de Burgers. Todas las biopelículas estudiadas se comportaron como sistemas reológicos con características predominantemente elásticas. El comportamiento de los módulos dinámicos puede ser un indicativo de la formación de redes interdependientes de la GG y el CPS. Por tanto, es posible utilizar estos materiales individualmente o en mezclas, para la obtención de biopelículas activas y recubrir diversos sistemas alimentarios sólidos.

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CFD: A New Challenge in Bioprocess Engineering
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Niño, Lilibeth | 2018

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is a powerful tool based on mathematical applications for modeling transient and spatial transport modes such as mass, momentum and heat transfer in multiphase fluids. Currently, CFD has been applied for biological engineering processes. In this paper, a review of Bioprocess engineering applications in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is presented, including important steps such as sterilization, mixing in CSTR, mass transfer and biochemical reactions applications.

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Computational Implementation of Required Industrial Unit Operations for Bio-Plastic Production From Starch Extracted from Banana Peels by Aerobic Fermentation using Rizophus Oryzae
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Gelves, German | 2020-11-04

In this research computer modeling was performed with the SuperPro Designer Software to simulate the industrial-scale production of poly-lactic acid using the Rizophus oryzae fungus. The previous to predict the higher output of poly-lactic acid from different strategies: in the first study, a PLA production of 5.56 (kg/h) was obtained with an operating cost of USD 121,722,644/year. Based on the results, improvements were made to the process. The first alternative resulted in a PLA production of 43.64 (kg/h) with a total operating cost of USD 37,356,085/year. The second improved significant differences in terms of the most massive production of PLA was 64.97 (kg/h), with an annual operating cost of USD 55,334,811 being the most promising to be carried on an industrial scale.

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Computer-aided environmental and exergy analyses of a large-scale production of chitosan microbeads modified with TiO2 nanoparticles
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Meramo, Samir | 2019-11-10

Chitosan is a biopolymer that has emerged as a useful material with applications in sectors such as medicine, food industry, water treatment systems, among others. This biomaterial is synthesized from shrimp exoskeleton, becoming an alternative of waste valorization. Chitosan can be used as main feedstock for production of bio-adsorbents modified with nanoparticles for pollution removal purposes. In this work, an environmental assessment and exergy analysis of a large-scale production of chitosan microbeads modified with TiO2 nanoparticles were developed with the aim of evaluating potential environmental impacts and energy/exergy performance. Aspen Plus ® software was used to develop process which allows quantification of extended mass and energy flows, property estimation, calculation of physical exergy flows, among others. The environmental evaluation was performed using the Waste Reduction Algorithm through the WAR GUI software. Environmental results showed that the presence of monovalent alcohols (propanol and ethanol) increased environmental effects related to the Photochemical Oxidation Potential category. From toxicological viewpoint, titanium tetra-isopropoxide affected Human Toxicity by Ingestion and Terrestrial Toxicity categories. Thought exergy analysis was identified that Centrifugation 2 is the process unit with highest irreversibilities, and also was founded that the overall exergy efficiency of the process was 0.0439%. These findings suggested that the proposed design requires the application of process improvement strategies in order to obtain better energy performance.

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Coupling of heterogeneous photocatalysis and aerobic biological process of activated sludge to treat wastewater containing Chlorpyrifos
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Becerra Moreno, Dorance | 2020-01-03

Chlorpyrifos is one of the most commonly used pesticides in Colombia, being the most commonly used in the department of Norte de Santander, where its usefulness has been proven to protect crops of rice, coffee, etc. However, due to improper use by farmers, this has brought negative consequences for the environment and the health of people, which is why in 2014 there were 715 cases of poisoning by this substance in the department. In order to generate a technically viable alternative for the treatment of agricultural wastewater containing Chlorpyrifos and advancing in the decontamination of receiving water bodies, the effectiveness of the heterogeneous photocatalysis coupling in a Composite Parabolic Collector - CPC and an aerobic biological process of activated sludge in batch. The photocatalysis was performed in a CPC of 0.83 m2, using sunlight as a source of energy (20, 40 and 60 KJ.L-1 ) and titanium dioxide - TiO2 Degussa P25 as a catalyst (100, 350 and 600 mg. L-1 ), at a pH of 3, 6 and 9 and as an aerobic biological process the Zahn-Wellens Test was used. The photocatalytic process achieved a maximum DQO removal of 44.2% and COD of 35.3%, for optimal conditions 159.19 mg.L-1 of TiO2 and 3.47 pH units. The biological process managed to degrade 17.0% of DQO and 9.3% of COD for wastewater without pretreatment. After pretreatment by photocatalysis, the removal of the biological process increased to 88.2% DQO and 67.8% COD. From the results obtained, it is established that the coupling of heterogeneous photocatalysis and an aerobic biological process is a viable alternative for the treatment of agricultural wastewater with the presence of Chlorpyrifos.

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Cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris in Aquaculture Wastewater for Protein Production
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Blanco, Estefany | 2018-02-02

Microalgae have emerged as environment friendly alternative source of valuable products for energy, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. These microorganisms have been also studied in wastewater treatments due to its ability to remove CO2, nitrogen, phosphorus, and toxic metals. In this work, cultivation of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris was carried out in aquaculture wastewater in order to reduce its contents of NO3 and PO4. In addition, different concentration of inorganic carbon sources (NaHCO3 and Na2CO3) and addition times were considered for determining suitable conditions in microalgae culture to produce proteins. It was found that highest protein content (45 % w/w) was achieved at 3.4 g/L of NaHCO3 and 19 h of addition time.

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Cultivo de cebolla (Allium cepa L.) en la provincia de Ocaña: factores asociados a la productividad y el rendimiento
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Vergel Ortega, Mawency | 2017-02-10

El artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar factores asociados a la producción de la cebolla en la Provincia de Ocaña (Colombia) utilizando cuatro fórmulas de abono. La investigación siguió un enfoque cuantitativo, diseño experimental y técnicas de análisis factorial, a través de cuatro tratamientos distribuidos en subparcelas con abono orgánico casero gallinaza, estiércol bovino, pulpa de café con bagazo de caña, y, abono orgánico comercial. Cuatro factores se asociaron a la producción de la cebolla en la Provincia de Ocaña: amenazas, características del terreno, logística, inversión e infraestructura; con variables explicativas: zona, variedad, plagas, tecnología, y canales de comercialización. El mayor desarrollo se obtuvo en parcela con abono orgánico comercial. Existe diferencia significativa en efecto de fertilización entre abonos orgánicos caseros y abono comercial.

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