Technological characterization of Guayabo group clays from Cúcuta-El Zulia sector for use in ceramic industry

Abstract

The present study characterized the clays found in the Guayabo group in the metropolitan area of Cúcuta. Material samples were taken at 2km south of Cúcuta – El Zulia road, right on the border between the two municipalities. The objective was to evaluate the chemical, mineralogical composition and behavior of the raw material for the elaboration of ceramic tiles. Techniques such as X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence were used. Physic-ceramic parameters were determined, such as the percentage of shrinkage per shot, water absorption and resistance to bending. The results showed a majority composition of quartz (above 57%), which is consistent with a high silica content (higher than 68%). Firing parameters revealed low contractions, a medium degree of water absorption, and a lower resistance value compared with the standard, therefore it is recommended to mix this clay with materials that improve the resistance value in order to comply with product quality standards.