Now showing items 161-180 of 1587

2D Simulation of Two-Phase Flow for Water Jet Cutting Processes with OpenFOAM

Florez, Eder; Rojas Suárez, Jhan Piero; Espinel Blanco, Edwin (Italia, 2021)

Cold cutting processes are characterized to perform the kinetic energy needed to cut hard materials with little mechanical effort by means of the ultra-high flow pressure pumps, which produce water jets with a flow pressure ...
Microservices backlog – a genetic programming technique for identification and evaluation of microservices from user stories.

Vera-Rivera, F. H.; Puerto Cuadros, Eduard Gilberto; Astudillo, Hernán; Gaona, Carlos (IEEE Access, 2017)

The microservice granularity directly affects the quality attributes and usage of computational resources of the system, determining optimal microservice granularity is an open research topic. Microservices granularity is ...
Hydraulic modeling of combined sewers overflow integrating the results of the swmm and CFX models

Pulgarín, D A; De Plaza, J S; Ruge Cárdenas, Juan Carlos; Rojas, J P (Revista Internacional de Metodos Numericos para Calculo y Diseno en IngenieriaEspaña, 2021-01-19)

This study proposes a methodology for the calibration of combined sewer overflow (CSO), incorporating the results of the three-dimensional ANSYS CFX model in the SWMM onedimensional model. The procedure consists of ...
Renewable Energies Resources Evaluation using a Geographic Information Systems in the Colombian Caribbean Region

Romero-Garcia , Gonzalo; Villada Castillo, Dora Clemencia; Rojas Suárez, Jhan Piero (Turkia, 2021-11-05)

This manuscript presents an integral evaluation of the use of wind and solar resources in the Colombian Caribbean region. For the use of solar and wind energy sources, spatial restrictions according to topography, natural ...
Renewable Energies Resources Evaluation using a Geographic Information Systems in the Colombian Caribbean Region

Romero-Garcia , Gonzalo; Villada Castillo, Dora Clemencia; Rojas Suárez, Jhan Piero (International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2021-08)

This manuscript presents an integral evaluation of the use of wind and solar resources in the Colombian Caribbean region. For the use of solar and wind energy sources, spatial restrictions according to topography, natural ...
Operational Failure Detection Applied to Heat Exchange Systems Using State Observer Method

Rojas Suárez, Jhan Piero; Espinel Blanco, Edwin; Florez, Eder (International Review of Automatic ControlItalia, 2021)

The role of computational modeling is becoming predominant in the exploration and evaluation of new technologies. Numerical simulations have solved the most complex phenomena immersed in thermal sciences by the implementation ...
Experimental study of emissions in single-cylinder diesel engine operating with diesel-biodiesel blends of palm oil-sunflower oil and ethanol

Vergel Ortega, Mawency; VALENCIA OCHOA, GUILLERMO; Duarte Forero, Jorge (Case Studies in Thermal EngineeringReino Unido, 2021-08)

This study investigates an alternative fuel methodology for diesel engines that focus on the influence of ethanol as an additive agent in biodiesel blends derived from the industrial liquid waste of palm oil and sunflower ...
Prefase V International Meeting of Mathematical Education

Vergel Ortega, Mawency; Rincón Leal, Olga Lucy; Dueñas Ramirez, Leidy Marcela (Reino Unido, 2021-05-22)

The objective of the V International Meeting on Mathematics Education (V IMME) is to create and maintain a space that privileges and promotes the culture of mathematics, reflection and discussion on the education and ...
Experimental and CFD Study of a Centrifugal Fan Performance Under ANSI/AMCA Standard

Rojas Suárez, Jhan Piero; Villada Castillo, Dora Clemencia; Flórez Solano, Eder (International Journal on Engineering ApplicationsItalia, 2021)

Centrifugal fans are widely employed for several technical applications in science and engineering due to their easy employment and practical use. Therefore, in this work, the centrifugal airfoil performance has been studied ...
Analysis Of The Overturning Of Heavy Vehicles In The “The Adioses” Curve Of The Highway Pamplona-Cúcuta

Moreno Contreras, Gonzalo Guillermo; Suarez C., Albert M.; PEÑA AVENDAÑO, IVAN CESAR; Moreno Gamboa, Faustino; Aperador Chaparro, William Arnulfo (Pakistan, 2021-09)

Over time, it has been observed that accidents due to vehicle overturning in the “The Adioses” curve of the Pamplona - Cúcuta road are a fairly frequent problem due to several factors such as: high speeds, absence of ...
Performance, Emission, and Economic Perspectives of a Diesel Engine Fueled with a Mixture of Hydroxy Gas and Biodiesel from Waste Palm Cooking Oil

Pardo García, Carlos Eduardo; PABON LEON, JHON ANTUNY; FONSECA VIGOYA, MARLEN DEL SOCORRO (International Review of Mechanical EngineeringItalia, 2021)

This investigation experimentally examines the influence of hydroxy gas fumigation in a diesel engine fueled with a biodiesel blend derived from waste palm cooking oil (B10). For the experimental tests, a fixed rotation ...
Evaluation of Performance Parameters and Emissions of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Preheated Palm Oil Mill Effluent Biodiesel Blends

Pardo García, Carlos Eduardo; PABON LEON, JHON ANTUNY; FONSECA VIGOYA, MARLEN DEL SOCORRO (International Review of Mechanical EngineeringItalia, 2021)

The current research analyzes the effect of fuel preheating on performance parameters and emission characteristics in a stationary diesel engine fuelled with palm oil mill effluent biodiesel blends. The investigation has ...
Evaluation of Energy Losses in Auxiliary Systems and Mechanisms Subject to Friction in a Stationary Diesel Engine

Pardo García, Carlos Eduardo; PABON LEON, JHON ANTUNY; FONSECA VIGOYA, MARLEN DEL SOCORRO (International Review of Mechanical EngineeringItalia, 2021)

This research has developed a methodology to estimate energy losses associated with auxiliary systems and mechanisms subject to friction in a stationary diesel engine. The study methodology is based on mathematical models ...
Analysis of the Tribological and Dynamic Characteristics of the Piston Compression Ring Under Different Engine Operating Conditions

Pardo García, Carlos Eduardo; PABON LEON, JHON ANTUNY; FONSECA VIGOYA, MARLEN DEL SOCORRO (International Review of Mechanical EngineeringItalia, 2021)

In this investigation, a study of the tribological and dynamic characteristics present in the compression ring is executed for different engine conditions. A series of numerical simulations has been carried out using the ...
IV international seminar on pedagogical practice (IV ISPP)

Prada-Nuñez, R; Torres-Ramírez, J E; Hernández-Suárez, C A; Gamboa-Suarez, A A; V-Niño, E D (Gamboa-Suarez A.A., 2021-08-27)

In the process of teaching and training students and new professionals, constructive actions and didactic spaces must be open where the teacher encourages the integral growth of their students, strengthening different ...
Study of the detonation wave in a rotating detonation combustor using hydrogen and mixtures ethylene-acetylene

Pardo García, Carlos Eduardo; PABON LEON, JHON ANTUNY; FONSECA VIGOYA, MARLEN DEL SOCORRO (International Review of Aerospace EngineeringItalia, 2021-04)

In this study, a comparison between the use of hydrogen and a mixture of ethylene-hydrogen-acetylene as fuels is made in order to evaluate the characteristics of the detonation wave in a rotating detonation combustor. For ...
Development of a virtual bench for the analysis of the physical processes of internal combustion engines

Rojas Suárez, J P; Pabón León, J A; Orjuela Abril, M S (2021-08-27)

Currently, internal combustion engines face the challenge of reducing fuel consumption and reducing polluting emissions due to their significant impact on the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to use tools that allow ...
Physics learning based on the use of concept maps

Pabón-Galán, C A; Hernández-Suarez, C A; Paz-Montes, L S (2021-11-18)

Concept maps are graphic learning tools that allow teachers and students to organize, represent knowledge, and visualize the relationships between concepts to promote understanding of physics. This study describes an ...
Numerical study of the physical processes of gas leakage in the compression ring in diesel engines

Pabón León, J A; Rojas Suárez, J P; Orjuela Abril, M S (2021-09-03)

In this research, the construction of a numerical model is proposed for the analysis of the friction processes and the thickness of the lubrication film present in the compression ring of internal combustion engines. The ...
Analysis of the application of physics in the design and construction of architectural projects. The Eiffel Tower

González-Almeyda, J.D.; Ayala-Garcia, E.T.; Prada-Nuñez, R. (2021-09-02)

This article studied the impact and application of physical concepts in the design and construction of the Eiffel Tower in Paris, an architectural reference that implemented physical concepts in its structural design. A ...

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2D Simulation of Two-Phase Flow for Water Jet Cutting Processes with OpenFOAM
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Florez, Eder | 2021

Cold cutting processes are characterized to perform the kinetic energy needed to cut hard materials with little mechanical effort by means of the ultra-high flow pressure pumps, which produce water jets with a flow pressure value of around 90 ksi. These manufacturing processes may be studied considering the fluid mechanics' principles that describe the transport phenomena for inviscid, continuous, and incompressible laminar flows in order to obtain theoretical results approximated to the process conditions. In this sense, the numerical modeling techniques applied in the analysis of water jet cutting processes define an efficient solution of the processes due to the physical analysis of the partial differential equations, which quantify the abrasive flow particles into the system. Taking into account the above, this research proposes a numerical analysis of the physical phenomena through the two-phase flow simulation in steady state with OpenFOAM. Abrasive and liquid phases are quantified to study the turbulent values, which describe the water jet behavior under different working conditions. A 2D model has been computed and discretized, considering the nozzle features in order to visualize and predict the abrasive mixture and flow rejected by using a low computational effort. Therefore, this numerical approach has been validated with a mesh independency analysis developed to verify the relation between the numerical data and the finite number of nodes computed in order to discretize a computational domain and to solve analytically the system proposed until reaching a high approximation between the model and the experimental values obtained during the cutting process by means of abrasive flows.

LEER
Microservices backlog – a genetic programming technique for identification and evaluation of microservices from user stories.
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Vera-Rivera, F. H. | 2017

The microservice granularity directly affects the quality attributes and usage of computational resources of the system, determining optimal microservice granularity is an open research topic. Microservices granularity is defined by the number of operations exposed by the microservice, the number of microservices that compose the whole application, and its complexity and dependencies. This paper describes "Microservice Backlog (MB)", a semiautomatic model for defining and evaluating the granularity of microservice-based applications; MB uses genetic programming technique to calculate at design time the granularity of each microservice from the user stories in the "product backlog" or release planning; the genetic algorithm combined coupling, cohesion, granularity, semantic similarity, and complexity metrics to define the number of microservices, and the user stories associated with each microservice. MB decomposes the candidate microservices, allowing to analyze graphically the size of each microservice, as well as its complexity, dependencies, coupling, cohesion metrics, and the number of calls or requests between microservices. The resulting decomposition (number of microservices and their granularity) performed by MB shows less coupling, higher cohesion, less complexity, fewer user stories associated with each microservice, and fewer calls among microservices. MB was validated against three existing methods, using two state-of-the-art applications (Cargo Tracking and JPet-Store), and one real-life applications (Foristom Conferences). The development team and/or architect can use metrics to identify the critical points of the system and determine at design time how the microservice-based application will be implemented.

LEER
Hydraulic modeling of combined sewers overflow integrating the results of the swmm and CFX models
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Pulgarín, D A | 2021-01-19

This study proposes a methodology for the calibration of combined sewer overflow (CSO), incorporating the results of the three-dimensional ANSYS CFX model in the SWMM onedimensional model. The procedure consists of constructing calibration curves in ANSYS CFX that relate the input flow to the CSO with the overflow, to then incorporate them into the SWMM model. The results obtained show that the behavior of the flow over the crest of the overflow weir varies in space and time. Therefore, the flow of entry to the CSO and the flow of excesses maintain a non-linear relationship, contrary to the results obtained in the onedimensional model. However, the uncertainty associated with the idealization of flow methodologies in one dimension is reduced under the SWMM model with kinematic wave conditions and simulating CSO from curves obtained in ANSYS CFX. The result obtained facilitates the calibration of combined sewer networks for permanent or non-permanent flow conditions, by means of the construction of curves in a three-dimensional model, especially when the information collected in situ is limited.

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Renewable Energies Resources Evaluation using a Geographic Information Systems in the Colombian Caribbean Region
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Romero-Garcia , Gonzalo | 2021-11-05

This manuscript presents an integral evaluation of the use of wind and solar resources in the Colombian Caribbean region. For the use of solar and wind energy sources, spatial restrictions according to topography, natural parks, water reserves, indigenous and sacred reserves were taken into account. In addition, studies of the energy potential of wind and solar radiation were carried out through geostatistical analysis of different points in meteorological stations located in the region. Finally, areas with wind and solar potential were determined using the Geographic Information System for Renewable Energies (SIGER). The results show that the department of Guajira has the highest values of solar brightness (229-240 Month day), while the departments of Valledupar, Cesar, and part of Magdalena decrease in the range of 229 to 207 Month day. In terms of solar radiation, the departments of Guajira and Atlántico showed global solar radiation values of up to 6,015 W/m2. The departments of Cesar, Magdalena, and part of Bolivar showed values close to 5,259 W/m2; while Sucre, and Cordoba showed low solar radiation values of 4,502 W/m2. It is concluded that the departments of Atlántico and Guajira are excellent candidates for solar and wind energy projects due to their characteristics. The results of this manuscript are a fundamental basis for future technical-economic feasibility studies of renewable energy in the Colombian Caribbean region. In addition, it allows the elaboration of energy policies that encourage the execution of this type of study at a real level.

LEER
Renewable Energies Resources Evaluation using a Geographic Information Systems in the Colombian Caribbean Region
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Romero-Garcia , Gonzalo | 2021-08

This manuscript presents an integral evaluation of the use of wind and solar resources in the Colombian Caribbean region. For the use of solar and wind energy sources, spatial restrictions according to topography, natural parks, water reserves, indigenous and sacred reserves were taken into account. In addition, studies of the energy potential of wind and solar radiation were carried out through geostatistical analysis of different points in meteorological stations located in the region. Finally, areas with wind and solar potential were determined using the Geographic Information System for Renewable Energies (SIGER). The results show that the department of Guajira has the highest values of solar brightness (229-240 Month day), while the departments of Valledupar, Cesar, and part of Magdalena decrease in the range of 229 to 207 Month day. In terms of solar radiation, the departments of Guajira and Atlántico showed global solar radiation values of up to 6,015 W/m2. The departments of Cesar, Magdalena, and part of Bolivar showed values close to 5,259 W/m2; while Sucre, and Cordoba showed low solar radiation values of 4,502 W/m2. It is concluded that the departments of Atlántico and Guajira are excellent candidates for solar and wind energy projects due to their characteristics. The results of this manuscript are a fundamental basis for future technical-economic feasibility studies of renewable energy in the Colombian Caribbean region. In addition, it allows the elaboration of energy policies that encourage the execution of this type of study at a real level

LEER
Operational Failure Detection Applied to Heat Exchange Systems Using State Observer Method
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Rojas Suárez, Jhan Piero | 2021

The role of computational modeling is becoming predominant in the exploration and evaluation of new technologies. Numerical simulations have solved the most complex phenomena immersed in thermal sciences by the implementation of sophisticated mathematical algorithms. This study incorporates a stationary thermodynamic model in order to evaluate the main operational parameters and the overall performance of heat exchange systems based on energy and exergy viewpoints while implementing unknown inputs. Moreover, the study introduces a UIO state observer technology in order to facilitate the early prediction of failure events in heat exchange systems using a detect, isolate and identify (FDI) methodology. Therefore, the proposed model has induced different fault conditions in order to examine the overall performance while integrating error state of signals criteria from the relative difference between the real and modeled estimates. The outcomes have demonstrated a good agreement for the estimated values of the mathematical algorithm considering the imminent presence of disturbance and interference that promotes modeling error. Finally, the results have outlined that the estimations of real operation conditions are not affected by the unknown inputs.

LEER
Experimental study of emissions in single-cylinder diesel engine operating with diesel-biodiesel blends of palm oil-sunflower oil and ethanol
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Vergel Ortega, Mawency | 2021-08

This study investigates an alternative fuel methodology for diesel engines that focus on the influence of ethanol as an additive agent in biodiesel blends derived from the industrial liquid waste of palm oil and sunflower oil residues. Specifically, the study addresses relevant aspects of the combustion performance and emissions characteristics in a single-cylinder diesel engine. For the experimental development, four different fuels were tested: commercial diesel, a blend of biodiesel formed from the residual material of palm oil and sunflower oil (PB3SB2), two blends with an addition of 2%, and 4% ethanol in the biodiesel produced (PB3SB2E2 and PB3SB2E4). The engine operated under nine different operation modes following international testing methodologies. Results indicated that incorporating ethanol in the PB3SB2 biodiesel blend improves thermal efficiency by 0.8%. Increasing the ethanol mixing ratio to 4% provides a further efficiency improvement of up to 1.2%. The emissions analysis showed that the addition of ethanol below 4% in the biodiesel blend facilitates the minimization of pollutant levels of CO, CO2, NOx, HC, and smoke opacity compared to the biodiesel formed by the two residual oils (PB3SB2). Overall, ethanol incorporation reduced emissions levels between 7.5 and 13.87% compared to PB3SB2. In conclusion, integrating biodiesel and ethanol as additive agent emerges as a promising alternative to promote a reliable and sustainable operation in diesel engines.

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Prefase V International Meeting of Mathematical Education
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Vergel Ortega, Mawency | 2021-05-22

The objective of the V International Meeting on Mathematics Education (V IMME) is to create and maintain a space that privileges and promotes the culture of mathematics, reflection and discussion on the education and application of mathematics, statistics, its history, evolution and didactics, and its interrelation with the sciences. At the meeting, researchers, scientists, and mathematics teachers socialize the results of research, consolidate networks for the exchange of successful experiences, to strengthen mathematics education at different educational levels, promote innovation and encourage the creation of policies, models, educational strategies, tools, and techniques in various areas of mathematics. They also promote innovation and encourage the creation of policies, models, educational strategies, tools and techniques in different areas of knowledge, and foster students' interest in research. This academic space has been maintained, so in the first semester of 2017 the First International Mathematics Education Meeting was held, with the presence and participation of teachers, students and professionals from different university, basic and secondary education institutions. During the Summit, researchers carry out activities such as, master conferences, short lectures. In this year 2021, the thematic areas in this meeting were: Mathematics education for science and engineering, Physics-mathematics applied to medicine, Modeling, simulation, and diagnostics, Applied physics-mathematics, Mathematics and statistics, Application of physiochemistry, Computer science, Origami

LEER
Experimental and CFD Study of a Centrifugal Fan Performance Under ANSI/AMCA Standard
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Rojas Suárez, Jhan Piero | 2021

Centrifugal fans are widely employed for several technical applications in science and engineering due to their easy employment and practical use. Therefore, in this work, the centrifugal airfoil performance has been studied with experimental and computational fluid dynamics techniques in order to improve their energy efficiency influenced by the rotor-stator interaction. In this sense, this research proposes a study of the main components' aerodynamic performance in order to determine the optimal operating conditions for different geometries of the impeller blades. In order to validate the simulation results, an experimental study has been performed to configure the design of experiments with the data acquisition of velocity and pressure values of the air mass flow under different conditions in the test bench configured with the ANSI/AMCA 210-07 standard. The experimental procedure has been performed with 2500 rpm, like a constant value of the centrifugal fan's angular velocity. The experimentally acquired data have allowed validation and the definition of each treatment's response to establish a linear regression model in order to predict centrifugal fan performance under different working conditions. 5.4 kPa has been determined as the high static pressure value for different impeller blade configurations conformed by the blades' angle, number, and length features.

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Analysis Of The Overturning Of Heavy Vehicles In The “The Adioses” Curve Of The Highway Pamplona-Cúcuta
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Moreno Contreras, Gonzalo Guillermo | 2021-09

Over time, it has been observed that accidents due to vehicle overturning in the “The Adioses” curve of the Pamplona - Cúcuta road are a fairly frequent problem due to several factors such as: high speeds, absence of traffic signs, driver maneuvers, among others. This is why this section of the road has been classified as a critical accident point. The vehicles that are most affected are heavy vehicles (truck tractors), which due to their large size have a high gravity center, which hinders their stability compared to other vehicles. Another important aspect that it is taken into account is the characteristics of the road that can modify the load distribution in the vehicle. All these aspects are evaluated through a case study which allows calculating the stability factor for a particular heavy vehicle and calculating the safe traffic speed for this vehicle in the specified sector.

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Performance, Emission, and Economic Perspectives of a Diesel Engine Fueled with a Mixture of Hydroxy Gas and Biodiesel from Waste Palm Cooking Oil
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Pardo García, Carlos Eduardo | 2021

This investigation experimentally examines the influence of hydroxy gas fumigation in a diesel engine fueled with a biodiesel blend derived from waste palm cooking oil (B10). For the experimental tests, a fixed rotation speed of 2000 rpm and a load condition of 50%, 75%, and 100% have been established. Hydroxy gas (HHO) has been added through the engine's air intake system at a flow of 0.5 lpm, 0.75 lpm, and 1 lpm. Results have demonstrated the positive effect of HHO fumigation on the combustion performance of the B10 blend. Moreover, a reduction of 4.3% in the BSFC and a 2.64% increase in peak pressure in B10 due to the presence of HHO have been observed. On the other hand, a decrease of 8.7%, 9.9%, and 22.8% in CO2, HC, and smoke opacity emissions has been evidenced with the addition of HHO in B10. B10 implementation has promoted NOx emission escalation. However, this increase has been only 1.23% compared to pure diesel. In conclusion, HHO enrichment favors combustion performance and emissions minimization, which represents a significant opportunity to mitigate the negative effect of the lower calorific power of these types of fuels.

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Evaluation of Performance Parameters and Emissions of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Preheated Palm Oil Mill Effluent Biodiesel Blends
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Pardo García, Carlos Eduardo | 2021

The current research analyzes the effect of fuel preheating on performance parameters and emission characteristics in a stationary diesel engine fuelled with palm oil mill effluent biodiesel blends. The investigation has been carried out on an experimental test bench under four-engine load conditions. The fuel injection temperature range is set between 35-75 °C. From the results obtained, it has been possible to demonstrate that the preheating process allows the reduction of fuel consumption and an increase in the efficiency of the engine powered with POME 5 and POME 10 blends. The preheating process has the potential to reduce by 14 % BSFC and increase by 17% the BTE of the engine. Additionally, the results have showed a reduction potential of 17.2%, 16.5%, and 15.6% in CO2, HC, and smoke opacity emissions when preheating processes are used in POME biodiesel blends. In general, this type of strategy is a promising solution to incentivize the use of biodiesel blends from palm oil mill effluent.

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Evaluation of Energy Losses in Auxiliary Systems and Mechanisms Subject to Friction in a Stationary Diesel Engine
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Pardo García, Carlos Eduardo | 2021

This research has developed a methodology to estimate energy losses associated with auxiliary systems and mechanisms subject to friction in a stationary diesel engine. The study methodology is based on mathematical models used to calculate engine friction forces and power losses. The analysis involves the cooling, the lubrication, the fuel injection system, and the engine's valve train, bearings, and piston mechanism. A stationary diesel engine with four load conditions and three rotational speed conditions has been taken as a reference for the study. The analysis of the results has showed that fuel injection is the auxiliary system with the highest energy consumption. In general, the cooling system, the lubrication, and the injection represent loss energy equivalent to 0.3%, 0.5%, and 0.9% of the chemical energy of the fuel. The interaction between the cylinder liner and the piston skirt is the main source of energy loss associated with friction processes. For valve train mechanisms, bearings and pistons it has been evidenced that these represent 1.25%, 1.91%, and 5.26% of the chemical energy of the fuel. In general, the methodology proposed in this research is a tool that allows diagnosing energy losses in auxiliary systems and engine mechanisms, which is useful for evaluating future strategies focused on energy improvement.

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Analysis of the Tribological and Dynamic Characteristics of the Piston Compression Ring Under Different Engine Operating Conditions
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Pardo García, Carlos Eduardo | 2021

In this investigation, a study of the tribological and dynamic characteristics present in the compression ring is executed for different engine conditions. A series of numerical simulations has been carried out using the OpenFOAM software for the study. The simulation conditions have been based on the parameters measured on a diesel engine test bench. Different ranges of rotation speed, load, and lubrication oil temperature have been established for the analysis. The results show that the parameters of rotation speed and engine load significantly influence the tribological and dynamic conditions of the piston compression ring. An increase of 425 rpm and 136 Nm in the rotational speed and load of the engine causes an increase of 13% and 34% in the power loss due to friction. The Top Dead Center and the Bottom Dead Center are the locations most prone to experience critical wear and tear. Increasing the lubricating oil temperature increases the maximum friction force by 9%. In general, the proposed methodology allows for establishing a direct relationship between the operating conditions and the tribological characteristics in the compression ring that directly affect the efficiency and useful life of the engine.

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IV international seminar on pedagogical practice (IV ISPP)
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Prada-Nuñez, R | 2021-08-27

In the process of teaching and training students and new professionals, constructive actions and didactic spaces must be open where the teacher encourages the integral growth of their students, strengthening different technical/academic aspects and personal skills. With a good orientation and implementation of appropriate pedagogical practices, the teacher will have the ability to teach and create spaces to socialize, discuss and reflect about experiences that generate, not only the construction of new knowledge, but also the strengthening of principles and qualities in students, such as responsibility, honesty, equity, respect and the ability to reason to solve problems and conflicts. All this promotes the formation of human capital capable of confronting and solving different aspects and challenges that may be encountered in their training process and professional development. The present proceedings are part of the contributions of the participants in the IV International Seminar on Pedagogical Practice (IV ISPP) which was held from 26 to 27 August 2021, in the city of San José de Cúcuta, Colombia; congress was organized by the "Facultad de Educación, Artes y Humanidades" of the Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, San José de Cúcuta, Colombia The main purpose of the IV ISPP was to create a space for training and academic and scientific cooperation for the construction, exchange, and development of research that aimed at the consolidation of innovation processes in education and pedagogical practices. This edition of the IV ISPP has emphasized the research, innovations, and reflections on didactics of natural sciences (mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology) and its applications at both educational and scientific. The IV ISPP was attended by researchers, teachers of the basic, middle, and higher education, graduate and undergraduate students from Colombia, Argentina, Mexico, Chile, El Salvador, and Spain, who shared their contributions in the fields of teaching and applications of natural sciences (physics, mathematics, chemistry, biology, physics-mathematics, physical-chemistry, biophysics, Statistics, and education). On behalf of the organizing committee of the IV ISPP, we are extremely thankful to all authors and participants for providing their valuable contributions to this Proceedings volume as well as the reviewers for their constructive recommendations and criticism aiding to improve the presented articles. Likewise, we like to thank the Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander (UFPS), and the Foundation of Researchers in Materials Science and Technology (FORISTOM), and Red Iberoamericana de Pedagogia (REDIPE), for all the support technical and logistical received. Finally, the editor hopes that those interested in the area of pedagogical practice and didactics in natural sciences can enjoy this reading, of the volume of the Journal of Physics: Conference Series (JPCS), which reflects a wide variety of current issues.

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Study of the detonation wave in a rotating detonation combustor using hydrogen and mixtures ethylene-acetylene
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Pardo García, Carlos Eduardo | 2021-04

In this study, a comparison between the use of hydrogen and a mixture of ethylene-hydrogen-acetylene as fuels is made in order to evaluate the characteristics of the detonation wave in a rotating detonation combustor. For the experimental development, an annular combustor, which has been connected to a supply of air, fuel, and hydrogen, has been used. The air and the type of fuel have been injected separately into the combustion chamber. The measurement of key parameters involves the use of ionization probes and pressure sensors, which have been located in the body of the combustion chamber. The results obtained indicate that hydrogen can reach an average pressure in the detonation wave 37% higher compared to the fuel mixture (ethylene-hydrogen-acetylene). For hydrogen, the equivalency ratio range is 38% higher compared to the fuel mixture. Therefore, the use of fuel mixtures is in a more limited operating range. The study of the detonation wave velocity indicates that the mixture of fuel and hydrogen can reach 68% and 93% of its ideal wave detonation velocity. However, in terms of height, both types of fuels reach a wave height of 30 mm. In general, hydrogen has characteristics that are more favourable in its detonation wave.

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Development of a virtual bench for the analysis of the physical processes of internal combustion engines
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Rojas Suárez, J P | 2021-08-27

Currently, internal combustion engines face the challenge of reducing fuel consumption and reducing polluting emissions due to their significant impact on the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to use tools that allow us to evaluate the operating characteristics of this type of thermal machines. In the present investigation, the development of a virtual bench was proposed for the analysis of the behavior and performance characteristics of an internal combustion engine for use as a learning tool in higher education students. From the results obtained, it could be demonstrated that the pressure curves of the combustion chamber and the rate of heat release obtained by means of the virtual bench presented a high concordance with the experimental records. The maximum deviation obtained was 5% and 15% for the pressure curve and the heat release rate. Comparing the performance parameters of the brake specific fuel consumption of the engine and energy efficiency, a maximum deviation of 2.96% was shown compared to the real engine. In general, the virtual development bank can describe the behavior of the engine, allowing the characterization of physical phenomena, as well as evaluating the effect of auxiliary technologies such as turbo-compression systems.

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Physics learning based on the use of concept maps
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Pabón-Galán, C A | 2021-11-18

Concept maps are graphic learning tools that allow teachers and students to organize, represent knowledge, and visualize the relationships between concepts to promote understanding of physics. This study describes an innovative experience based on the development of concept maps with the aim of analyzing the perception of students in a teacher training program in natural sciences and environmental education at a public university in Colombia. The research subjects were 24 students studying basic physics who used concept maps for learning, and the data were analyzed quantitatively using a non-experimental design. The results show that the trainee teachers learned to elaborate concept maps, valuing very positively their educational applications to improve learning. It is concluded that concept mapping can be used to increase students' understanding and motivation which should help to improve their academic performance.

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Numerical study of the physical processes of gas leakage in the compression ring in diesel engines
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Pabón León, J A | 2021-09-03

In this research, the construction of a numerical model is proposed for the analysis of the friction processes and the thickness of the lubrication film present in the compression ring of internal combustion engines. The model is built using MATLAB software, and three load conditions are used as reference (2 Nm, 4 Nm, and 6 Nm) with a rotation speed of 3600 rpm, which correspond to a stationary single-cylinder diesel engine. Comparison between model estimates and experimental results show that the development model could predict the actual engine conditions. The deviation between the numerical model and the experimental data was 17%. It was shown that the increase in engine load causes a 16% increase in the friction force of the compression ring, which implies a 50% increase in power loss due to friction processes. In general, the model developed allows the analysis of the friction processes in the compression ring and its effect on the lubrication film, considering the leakage of the combustion gases. In this way, the construction of a more complex mathematical model is achieved, which allows improving the precision in the analyzes related to the interaction between the compression ring and the cylinder liner.

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Analysis of the application of physics in the design and construction of architectural projects. The Eiffel Tower
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González-Almeyda, J.D. | 2021-09-02

This article studied the impact and application of physical concepts in the design and construction of the Eiffel Tower in Paris, an architectural reference that implemented physical concepts in its structural design. A documentary methodological framework was used to establish the importance of the Eiffel Tower in the universal exposition of Paris in 1989 and, to carry out the structural analysis of the work; a quantitative-descriptive approach was used for the recognition of the basic concepts of physics from architecture according to gender, through a survey as a research instrument developed under non-probability and convenience sampling, which was applied to students of Architecture of the Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Colombia, in order to determine the knowledge of basic physics by students. The results of this research showed that the Eiffel Tower represents a milestone in architecture where physical concepts such as tension, compression, traction, aerodynamics, and torque were applied. Finally, it was evidenced that the students who participated in this study recognize the importance of applying the basic concepts of physics in architecture; fact by which it is recommended to encourage the study of physics, to strengthen the technological component of Architecture.

LEER