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A bibliometric analysis environmental impact assessment literature: An expanding and shifting focus

Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian; Valencia Ochoa, Guillermo; Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto (Chemical Engineering TransactionsItalia, 2018-09)

A bibliometric analysis of the literature on the subject of Environmental Impact Assessment for a period from 2007 to 2015 was carried out under an expanding and shifting focus. For this purpose, the metadata used ...
A comparative study of the cutting parameter in milling process under different material

Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto; Valencia, Guillermo; Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian (Contemporary Engineering SciencesBulgaria, 2018-06-18)

In the present study, the incidence of the variation in feed rate per tooth and depth of cut for SAE 4340 alloy steel and SAE J431 steel castings was analysed and in which material this variation is most noticeable. For ...
Design of a ball burnishing tool with interchangeable tip

Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian; Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto; Guerrero Gomez, Gustavo (Contemporary Engineering SciencesBulgaria, 2018-09-18)

The following work was carried out with the goal of studying the functionality of a previously realized design of an interchangeable indenter tool for the ball burnishing process in a numerical control milling machine ...
Development of non-conservative mechanical models applied to the low energy impact phenomenon

Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian; Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto; Lopez Navas, Javier (Contemporary Engineering SciencesBulgaria, 2018-07-18)

Non-conservative mechanical models are developed to be applied to the low energy impact phenomenon. The analytical description of the proposed models is made and the numerical solution of the system of differential ...
Effects of depth of cut on cylindrical milling process in steel casting: A numerical study

Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian; Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto; Valencia Ochoa, Guillermo (International Journal of ChemTech ResearchIndia, 2018)

The complexity of the milling process has led us to study different parameters, among which are the cutting speed, feed speed, chip volume, cutting time and associated costs, which are the focus of this study. For this ...
Evaluation of the machining of a batch of parts by the turning process in carbon steels and cast iron

ACEVEDO PENALOZA, CARLOS; Valencia, Guillermo E.; Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian (International Journal of ChemTech Research ISSNIndia, 2018)

In the present investigation, the effect of main parameters for the development of parts in production such as feed rate and depth were evaluated, obtaining the machining costs depending on the characteristics of the ...
Experimental characterization of the mechanical properties of PETG and PA6 thermoplastics

Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian; Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto; Guerrero Gomez, Gustavo (Contemporary Engineering SciencesBulgaria, 2018-09-12)

Simple thermoplastic materials and polymer matrix composites have been used in this work. Polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) plates, a copolymer of CHDM- cyclohexane dimethanol modified polyethylene terephthalate ...
Experimental model of the fine honing

Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian; Buj-Corral, Irene; Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto (International Journal of ChemTech ResearchIndia, 2018)

An experimental model of the honing process oriented towards the honing operation for very fine finished is development. A two-level design of experiments has been carried out with three factors and a replica. We chose ...
Experimental study of the 2D variability roughness in the honing process of the steel cylinder

Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto; Valencia, Guillermo; Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian (Contemporary Engineering SciencesBulgaria, 2018-05-29)

This article presents the study of the surface roughness inside cylinders, machined by honing in industrial honing machines, with a detailed review of the variability of the values obtained in the measurement of the ...
Experimental study of the correlation the surface roughness 2D and 3D in the honing process of the steel cylinder

Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian; Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto; Valencia Ochoa, Guillermo (Indian Journal of Science and Technology ISSNIndia, 2018-08)

Objectives: This research proposes the feasibility of working on surfaces obtained by honing with 2D roughness parameters, as the 3D roughness measurement commonly used in the industry requires many hours of measurement time. ...
Experimental study of the cutting processes effect on the surface hardness of ASTM A36 steel

Peralta Hernandez, Edwin; Sorzano Jimenez, Francisco; Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian; Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto; Valencia Ochoa, Guillermo (Contemporary Engineering SciencesBulgaria, 2018-05-30)

This article analyses the hardness of ASTM-A36 steel both in its delivery state and after various cutting processes. The material was cut with different methods conventionally used in the metal-mechanic and construction ...
Experimental study of the cutting processes on the microstructure of an ASTM A36 steel

Peralta Hernandez, Edwin; Sorzano Jimenez, Francisco; Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian; Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto; Valencia Ochoa, Guillermo (Contemporary Engineering SciencesBulgaria, 2018-06-25)

This article analyses the microstructure of ASTM-A36 steel both in its delivery state and after various cutting processes. The material was cut with some methods conventionally used in the metal-mechanical and construction ...
Experimental study of the effect of cutting processes on the roughness of ASTM A36 steel

Peralta Hernandez, Edwin; Sorzano Jimenez, Francisco; Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian; Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto; Valencia Ochoa, Guillermo (Contemporary Engineering SciencesBulgaria, 2018-06-06)

This article analyses the roughness of ASTM-A36 steel both in its delivery state and after various cutting processes. The material was cut with different methods conventionally used in the metal-mechanic and construction ...
Influence of indenter diameter on dynamic indentation tests of PEGT and PA6 thermoplastics

Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian; Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto; Prada Botia, Gaudy Carolina (Contemporary Engineering SciencesBulgaria, 2018-09-18)

In this article the results of the impact characterization of PETG and PA6 thermoplastics are presented, they have been characterized statically and dynamically by the indentation test, and mathematical models developed ...
Influence of natural frequency on stability during milling of inconel and udimet 500

ACEVEDO PENALOZA, CARLOS; Cárdenas-Gutiérrez, Javier Alfonso; Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian (Contemporary Engineering Sciences ISSNBulgaria, 2018-09-18)

Chatter in the machine tools represents one of the biggest problems due to the instability in the machining process, breakage of the tool and accelerated wear of the tool and spindle or machine components in the metal ...
Influence of sample thickness and indenter mass on dynamic indentation tests of PEGT and PA6 thermoplastics

Prada Botia, Gaudy Carolina; ACEVEDO PENALOZA, CARLOS; Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian (Contemporary Engineering SciencesBulgaria, 2018-09-18)

In this article the results of the impact characterization of PETG and PA6 thermoplastics are presented, they have been characterized statically and dynamically by the indentation test, and mathematical models developed ...
Mechanical characterization of impact resistance by pendulum tensile test on PETG and PA6 thermoplastics

Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian; Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto; Guerrero Gomez, Gustavo (Contemporary Engineering SciencesBulgaria, 2018-09-18)

This article presents the results of the mechanical characterization of the impact resistance of PETG and PA6 thermoplastic polymers. This type of polymer is being widely used in industrial applications and the ...
Probability parameters and estimated firestone abbott plateau honing curves

Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian; Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto; Valencia Ochoa, Guillermo (Contemporary Engineering SciencesBulgaria, 2018-09-12)

This paper developed a methodology for estimating Abbott-Firestone curves from the roughness parameters of the material probability curves. The surface roughness profile obtained in plateau-honing processes is the ...
Regenerative chatter Phenomenon in the Turning Process based on the alloy steels 1020, 1035 and 1045

Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian; Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto; Valencia Ochoa, Guillermo (International Journal of ChemTech ResearchIndia, 2018)

Regenerative vibration is a major drawback in machining processes reducing the geometric accuracy and dynamic stability of the cutting system. Achieving a dynamically stable cutting operation represents a significant ...
Regenerative reassembly phenomenon in the turning process machining the A1020 steel

Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian; Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto; Valencia Ochoa, Guillermo (Contemporary Engineering SciencesBulgaria, 2018-08-01)

The chattering in the machine tools is a phenomenon that causes instability in the machining process, surface finish with high roughness, also produces excessive and accelerated wear on the tool in the metal cutting ...

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A bibliometric analysis environmental impact assessment literature: An expanding and shifting focus
...
Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian | 2018-09

A bibliometric analysis of the literature on the subject of Environmental Impact Assessment for a period from 2007 to 2015 was carried out under an expanding and shifting focus. For this purpose, the metadata used was obtained through web of science and analyzed with the Histcite software. The search identified a total of 683 publications related to Environmental Impact Assessment in the period studied, allowing to study the main journals involved in this topic. The country with the highest number of publications was the United States with 88 papers on the subject. On the other hand, the journal with the greatest influence on the subject was Environmental Impact Assessment Review, with 1090 citations, representing the 8.7% of the total citations between 2007 and 2015. Analyzing the evolution of publications per year, there was an increase in research activity on the subject between 2012 and 2014, amounting to 45.6% in those years. According to the type of document from the 683 publications, the 84.6% (578) were articles and 4.4% reviews. These results obtained show an increase in the interest of researchers in the environmental impact assessment topic, which is in line with the climate changes presented on the planet and the global concern to reduce the effects of greenhouse gas, and the better use of natural resources.

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A comparative study of the cutting parameter in milling process under different material
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Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto | 2018-06-18

In the present study, the incidence of the variation in feed rate per tooth and depth of cut for SAE 4340 alloy steel and SAE J431 steel castings was analysed and in which material this variation is most noticeable. For this purpose, the machining process studied was milling. This is a machining operation in which a workpiece is passed in front of a rotating cylindrical tool with multiple cutting edges. For this study, the feed rate per tooth and depth of cut were varied by 4 values each. The feed rate ranged from 0.002 mm to 0.008 mm and the depth of 2 mm to 8 mm found that for both parameter variations cutting speeds always decrease with increasing both feed per tooth and depth of cut and that feed per tooth and depth of cut significantly affect process costs.

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Design of a ball burnishing tool with interchangeable tip
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Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian | 2018-09-18

The following work was carried out with the goal of studying the functionality of a previously realized design of an interchangeable indenter tool for the ball burnishing process in a numerical control milling machine with several AISI 1045 specimens, to identify and corroborate changes in the final roughness obtained and the averages of the same material with the application of the process, in addition to finding improvements in the process times, to reduce the dead times that translate into lower costs, and an improvement in the surface finish.

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Development of non-conservative mechanical models applied to the low energy impact phenomenon
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Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian | 2018-07-18

Non-conservative mechanical models are developed to be applied to the low energy impact phenomenon. The analytical description of the proposed models is made and the numerical solution of the system of differential equations is proposed. The impact of materials is undoubtedly the object of research, due to the dynamic condition inherent in the bodies that interact in our universe. That is why we have standardized methodologies for its study, such as Izod and Charpy impact techniques, among others. However, this work places special emphasis on the method of plate bending, which, due to its geometric configuration, interprets real impact situations to which some bodies are subjected, in addition to the low energy technique in which the energy available in the impactor is less than that absorbed in the breaking process, makes it possible to obtain information on the material in the elastic, plastic, initiation and crack propagation range.

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Effects of depth of cut on cylindrical milling process in steel casting: A numerical study
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Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian | 2018

The complexity of the milling process has led us to study different parameters, among which are the cutting speed, feed speed, chip volume, cutting time and associated costs, which are the focus of this study. For this purpose, a calculation algorithm was designed in which fixed parameters were left and the cutting depth was varied from 2 to 8 mm. This resulted in an increase in process times and costs, which was expected due to the removal of more material and a negative impact on the surface finish of the part.

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Evaluation of the machining of a batch of parts by the turning process in carbon steels and cast iron
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ACEVEDO PENALOZA, CARLOS | 2018

In the present investigation, the effect of main parameters for the development of parts in production such as feed rate and depth were evaluated, obtaining the machining costs depending on the characteristics of the material. The machining process used was that of turning in pieces with carbon steels and cast iron as the base material, varying the feed rate in a range between 0.2mm/tooth and 0.8mm/tooth and the depth between 1mm and 4mm allowing important parameters to be determined such as cutting speed and machine operating conditions to obtain a good final finish without affecting the surface of the piece and in production time required to optimize costs.

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Experimental characterization of the mechanical properties of PETG and PA6 thermoplastics
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Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian | 2018-09-12

Simple thermoplastic materials and polymer matrix composites have been used in this work. Polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) plates, a copolymer of CHDM- cyclohexane dimethanol modified polyethylene terephthalate [56], were used, which is an amorphous and therefore transparent material, which was available in plates or extruded sheets in a wide range of thicknesses. The PETG sheets are of commercial type and their production process is carried out by the company that supplied them. Also part of the study is polyamide 6.6 with 30% short glass fibre content obtained by injection moulding and compression moulding, which was supplied by the ESIS TC4, for the first Round Robin of short glass fibre composite materials.

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Experimental model of the fine honing
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Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian | 2018

An experimental model of the honing process oriented towards the honing operation for very fine finished is development. A two-level design of experiments has been carried out with three factors and a replica. We chose the factors that have been shown to be most significant in honing machining such as grain size and pressure. In addition, as in honing, the angle of scratching is important and depends on the relationship between the two speeds, linear velocity VL and tangential velocity VT, one of them has also been chosen, the linear velocity VL, and the other velocity VT is kept constant. By varying only VL, the scratch angle is varied and the tangential speed VT is kept constant, the number of factors is reduced and the number of tests is reduced. The variable with the greatest influence and which is present in a significant way in all the output parameters is the abrasive grain size Gst, the pressure parameters P and linear velocity VL did not show to be particularly decisive in the finishing phase, especially for the roughness parameters. Manufacturers of hydraulic cylinders, surface finish of the inner wall of internal combustion engines and all those applications where it is machined with honing

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Experimental study of the 2D variability roughness in the honing process of the steel cylinder
...
Acevedo Peñaloza, Carlos Humberto | 2018-05-29

This article presents the study of the surface roughness inside cylinders, machined by honing in industrial honing machines, with a detailed review of the variability of the values obtained in the measurement of the machined surface. The determination of the amount of measurement data on the cover is displayed to get characteristic mean values of the measured surface. For this reason, and due to the randomness of the surfaces machined by honing, an experimental study has been proposed to carry out this analysis, where the roughness has been measured with a roughness meter with a contact probe, since this type of instrument is widely used academically and especially industrially, and is apparently standardized by international standards such as ISO 3274 or ASME B46.1.

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Experimental study of the correlation the surface roughness 2D and 3D in the honing process of the steel cylinder
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Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian | 2018-08

Objectives: This research proposes the feasibility of working on surfaces obtained by honing with 2D roughness parameters, as the 3D roughness measurement commonly used in the industry requires many hours of measurement time. Methods/Statistical Analysis: In this article, we study the values of surface roughness in two dimensions and three dimensions measured inside cylinders, machined by honing in industrial honing machines. Hardness has been measured with a contact probe roughness meter, as this type of instrument is widely used in academic and especially industrial applications and is standardized in international standards such as ISO 3274 or ASME B46.1. Findings: It is concluded that due to the excellent association obtained, it is sufficient to work with adjustments in two dimensions to characterize the surface, since the roughness in three dimensions takes a long time to be measured with a contact roughness meter like the one used in this investigation, so 2D parameters can be used because due to their normal behavior, they offer competitive advantages due to their ease of determination and require shorter measurement times. Application/Improvements: Manufacturers of hydraulic cylinders, surface finish of the inner wall of internal combustion engines and all those applications where it is machined with honing

LEER
Experimental study of the cutting processes effect on the surface hardness of ASTM A36 steel
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Peralta Hernandez, Edwin | 2018-05-30

This article analyses the hardness of ASTM-A36 steel both in its delivery state and after various cutting processes. The material was cut with different methods conventionally used in the metal-mechanic and construction industry, in addition to other non-conventional processes used to a lesser extent in the industry. In addition, similar cuts were made to maintain test homogeneity and to analyze the faces of the cut on each specimen in a similar manner. Among the conventional cuts made to the specimens are the milling machine, oxy-cutting and cutting machine, while the non-conventional ones were applied by EDM and plasma, maintaining as far as possible similar cutting and working parameters. Subsequently, the hardness of the cut surface of each of the specimens was studied using an AFFRI 250 DMRC durometer, which allowed quantifying the changes in the material depending on the cutting method used and defining according to each method that may affect the final application of the material. The graphical results allowed a comparative analysis of all the methods used, as well as the differences found between them and to obtain important conclusions that can be used in the new techniques of the manufacturing processes.

LEER
Experimental study of the cutting processes on the microstructure of an ASTM A36 steel
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Peralta Hernandez, Edwin | 2018-06-25

This article analyses the microstructure of ASTM-A36 steel both in its delivery state and after various cutting processes. The material was cut with some methods conventionally used in the metal-mechanical and construction industry, in addition to other non-conventional processes used to a lesser extent in the same industry. Similarly, similar cuts were made to maintain test homogeneity and to analyze the faces of the cut on each specimen in a similar manner. Among the conventional cuts made to the specimens are the milling, oxy-cutting and cutting machine, while the unconventional cuts applied were the wire by EDM and plasma, maintaining as far as possible similar cutting and working parameters. Subsequently, the cut surface of each of the specimens was analyzed and microscopic images of their microstructure were taken, from the results differences were established and it was defined which of the cutting methods used had the greatest effect on the material.

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Experimental study of the effect of cutting processes on the roughness of ASTM A36 steel
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Peralta Hernandez, Edwin | 2018-06-06

This article analyses the roughness of ASTM-A36 steel both in its delivery state and after various cutting processes. The material was cut with different methods conventionally used in the metal-mechanic and construction industry, in addition to other non-conventional processes used to a lesser extent in the industry. Similarly, similar cuts were made to maintain test homogeneity and to analyze the faces of the cut on each specimen in a similar manner. Among the conventional cuts made to the specimens are the milling machine, oxy-cutting and cutting machine, while the non-conventional ones were applied by EDM and plasma, maintaining as far as possible similar cutting and working parameters. Subsequently, the roughness of the cut surface of each of the specimens was studied using a BAKER K130/8 analog tape roughness meter, which allowed quantifying the changes that occur in the material depending on the cutting method used and defined according to each method that can affect the surface finish and therefore the final application of the material. The graphical results allowed a comparative analysis of all the methods used, as well as the differences found between them and to obtain important conclusions that can be used in the new techniques of the manufacturing processes.

LEER
Influence of indenter diameter on dynamic indentation tests of PEGT and PA6 thermoplastics
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Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian | 2018-09-18

In this article the results of the impact characterization of PETG and PA6 thermoplastics are presented, they have been characterized statically and dynamically by the indentation test, and mathematical models developed in previous works have also been used to adjust the obtained models. The Indenter diameter of the impactor used were studied. The results have shown that the specimen thickness influences the value of some of the measured properties as the thickness increases, as well as that the impactor mass influences the velocity that is printed during the test run.

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Influence of natural frequency on stability during milling of inconel and udimet 500
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ACEVEDO PENALOZA, CARLOS | 2018-09-18

Chatter in the machine tools represents one of the biggest problems due to the instability in the machining process, breakage of the tool and accelerated wear of the tool and spindle or machine components in the metal cutting processes, such as turning, milling, boring, drilling, etc. Which translates into a poor-quality surface finish, this phenomenon consists of self-excited vibrations that are produced and maintained due to shear forces, the purpose of this article is to predict the optimal points of operation in the milling process for Ni-based Inconel and make a comparison with Ni-based Udimet 500 through observation supported by a graphical and analytical tool to generate stability lobe diagrams, a code was developed in the MATLAB® software capable of generating stability lobe diagrams for the milling operation that provides optimal operating points to avoid tool vibration, thus improving chip removal rates and increasing productivity.

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Influence of sample thickness and indenter mass on dynamic indentation tests of PEGT and PA6 thermoplastics
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Prada Botia, Gaudy Carolina | 2018-09-18

In this article the results of the impact characterization of PETG and PA6 thermoplastics are presented, they have been characterized statically and dynamically by the indentation test, and mathematical models developed in previous works have also been used to adjust the obtained models. The thickness of the specimen used and the mass of the impactor used were studied. The results have shown that the specimen thickness influences the value of some of the measured properties as the thickness increases, as well as that the impactor mass influences the velocity that is printed during the test run.

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Mechanical characterization of impact resistance by pendulum tensile test on PETG and PA6 thermoplastics
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Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian | 2018-09-18

This article presents the results of the mechanical characterization of the impact resistance of PETG and PA6 thermoplastic polymers. This type of polymer is being widely used in industrial applications and the characterization of its mechanical properties is a subject of great academic and industrial interest. The impact pendulum technique has been used as the most widely known. The tests have been carried out under different conditions and varying the greatest number of parameters in order to obtain data that allow a rigorous characterization of these materials.

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Probability parameters and estimated firestone abbott plateau honing curves
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Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian | 2018-09-12

This paper developed a methodology for estimating Abbott-Firestone curves from the roughness parameters of the material probability curves. The surface roughness profile obtained in plateau-honing processes is the superposition of the effects of the two processes used to generate it. At first, a honing is performed with which the characteristics of valleys are generated, honing base, and after this honing base, a finishing honing is performed, a plateau operation to reduce the peaks of the base honing profile without modifying the characteristics of the valleys of the base profile. In the functional behaviour of the surface, the valleys will contribute to the retention of oil and the flat areas will contribute to reducing friction with the oil retained in the valleys and to improving watertightness. To characterize this type of roughness obtained by the superposition of the roughness generated by two processes, material probability curves are suitable, in which the roughness of each process is characterized by the slope of a line, and the point of intersection of both lines corresponds to the transition zone between plateaus and valleys. The roughness parameters other than those of the probability curve do not adequately characterize the roughness obtained by processes such as plateauhoning, since they are calculated on the total height of the roughness profile and do not separate the effects of the processes that have been used to obtain it, which means that the contribution of each of the processes to the roughness profile cannot be differentiated.

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Regenerative chatter Phenomenon in the Turning Process based on the alloy steels 1020, 1035 and 1045
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Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian | 2018

Regenerative vibration is a major drawback in machining processes reducing the geometric accuracy and dynamic stability of the cutting system. Achieving a dynamically stable cutting operation represents a significant decrease in the production time and therefore in the costs associated with this process. The information provided by the stability lobe diagrams is of great importance, since from them we know the range of spindle rotation speeds and chip thicknesses at which the cutting operation takes place in a state free from the phenomenon of regenerative chatter, avoiding the rapid wear of the cutting tool and achieving quality surface finishes. In the present investigation, the behavior of the turning operations in steel 1020, steel 1035 and steel 1045 is characterized, with the objective of verifying the presence of instability in the machining caused by the regenerative chattering in the machine tools. Based on the analytical models proposed by Altintas and Budak for the stabilization of self-excited vibrations, a computer tool is developed capable of generating stability lobe diagrams, which allow us to appreciate the operating conditions in which machining presents stable behavior, to simulate the material removal process considering certain parameters specific to the machine tool.

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Regenerative reassembly phenomenon in the turning process machining the A1020 steel
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Coba Salcedo, Milton Fabian | 2018-08-01

The chattering in the machine tools is a phenomenon that causes instability in the machining process, surface finish with high roughness, also produces excessive and accelerated wear on the tool in the metal cutting processes, this phenomenon consists of self-excited vibrations which are produced and maintained due to the cutting forces, the purpose of this article is to analyze regenerative chatter and predict the optimal points of operation in the turning process for 1020 carbon steel by developing analytical methods for generating stability lobe diagrams. To achieve this objective, the methods proposed by Altinas and Budak to stabilize the self-excited vibrations in the turning process applied to the orthogonal cut were studied in detail. These methods are widely accepted within the community of researchers and specialists in the field, thanks to the excellent results obtained in practice. Once the models studied were compressed, a computational algorithm was developed with the help of the MATLAB® software that was able to generate stability lobe diagrams for the turning operation in order to find the optimal points of operation so that there was no chatter, thus improving the material removal rate and increasing productivity

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